Chapter 11

Viśvarūpa Darśana Yoga — The Vision of the Universal FormViśvarūpa Darśana Yoga — The Vision of the Universal Form

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11.1

अर्जुन उवाच

मदनुग्रहाय परमं गुह्यमध्यात्मसंज्ञितम् । यत्त्वयोक्तं वचस्तेन मोहोऽयं विगतो मम ॥११.१॥

For my benefit, you have spoken the profound teaching concerning the self; through it my confusion has passed.

Roman reading

madanugrahaaya paramam guhyamadhyaatmasamjnitam | yattvayoktam vachastena moho’yam vigato mama ||11.1||madanugrahāya paramaṃ guhyamadhyātmasaṃjñitam | yattvayoktaṃ vacastena moho’yaṃ vigato mama ||11.1||

Explanation

Arjuna reports a genuine change in understanding. The wish to see Krishna's cosmic form arises from the teaching already received; it is not a rejection of reflection in favour of spectacle.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन अब पहले जैसी असमंजस की अवस्था में नहीं है। ज्ञान ने उसे संवाद की अगली सीढ़ी के योग्य बनाया है। विश्वरूप देखने की उसकी जिज्ञासा उसी बदली हुई समझ से जन्म लेती है।

11.2

अर्जुन उवाच

भवाप्ययौ हि भूतानां श्रुतौ विस्तरशो मया । त्वत्तः कमलपत्राक्ष माहात्म्यमपि चाव्ययम् ॥११.२॥

Lotus-eyed Lord, I have heard from you about beings coming into existence and passing away, and about your imperishable greatness.

Roman reading

bhavaapyayau hi bhootaanaam shrutau vistarasho mayaa | tvattah kamalapatraaksha maahaatmyamapi chaavyayam ||11.2||bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṃ śrutau vistaraśo mayā | tvattaḥ kamalapatrākṣa māhātmyamapi cāvyayam ||11.2||

Explanation

Arjuna recalls the teaching about creation, dissolution, and what does not perish with them. His request for vision belongs within this philosophical setting.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन सृष्टि के जन्म और अंत को दिव्य सत्ता से जोड़कर समझ चुका है। अब उसकी जिज्ञासा विचार के स्तर से अनुभव के स्तर तक पहुँचती है।

11.3

अर्जुन उवाच

एवमेतद्यथात्थ त्वमात्मानं परमेश्वर । द्रष्टुमिच्छामि ते रूपमैश्वरं पुरुषोत्तम ॥११.३॥

Supreme Lord, I accept what you have said about yourself; I now long to behold your sovereign form.

Roman reading

evametadyathaattha tvamaatmaanam parameshvara | drashtumichchhaami te roopamaishvaram purushottama ||11.3||evametadyathāttha tvamātmānaṃ parameśvara | draṣṭumicchāmi te rūpamaiśvaraṃ puruṣottama ||11.3||

Explanation

Arjuna moves from hearing a description to asking for a direct revelation. His words express trust while acknowledging that the requested vision exceeds ordinary experience.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह केवल असाधारण दृश्य देखने की इच्छा नहीं है। अर्जुन जानना चाहता है कि जिन सत्यताओं को वह सुन रहा था, वे एक व्यापक रूप में कैसे दिखाई देंगी।

11.4

अर्जुन उवाच

मन्यसे यदि तच्छक्यं मया द्रष्टुमिति प्रभो । योगेश्वर ततो मे त्वं दर्शयात्मानमव्ययम् ॥११.४॥

Lord of yoga, if you consider me capable of seeing it, reveal to me your imperishable form.

Roman reading

manyase yadi tachchhakyam mayaa drashtumiti prabho | yogeshvara tato me tvam darshayaatmaanamavyayam ||11.4||manyase yadi tacchakyaṃ mayā draṣṭumiti prabho | yogeśvara tato me tvaṃ darśayātmānamavyayam ||11.4||

Explanation

Arjuna does not demand proof on his own terms. The request acknowledges the limits of a human observer before an extraordinary revelation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यहाँ विनम्रता महत्त्वपूर्ण है। अर्जुन यह दावा नहीं करता कि वह अपने प्रयत्न से सब कुछ देख सकता है; वह अपनी क्षमता का निर्णय कृष्ण पर छोड़ देता है।

11.5

श्रीभगवानुवाच

पश्य मे पार्थ रूपाणि शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः । नानाविधानि दिव्यानि नानावर्णाकृतीनि च ॥११.५॥

Pārtha, behold my divine forms by the hundreds and thousands, varied in kind, colour, and appearance.

Roman reading

pashya me paartha roopaani shatasho’tha sahasrashah | naanaavidhaani divyaani naanaavarnaakriteeni cha ||11.5||paśya me pārtha rūpāṇi śataśo’tha sahasraśaḥ | nānāvidhāni divyāni nānāvarṇākṛtīni ca ||11.5||

Explanation

The revelation begins with variety rather than a single fixed portrait. Multiplicity becomes part of the meaning of the universal form.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

कृष्ण एक स्थिर, एकरूप छवि के बजाय अनेकता का द्वार खोलते हैं। विश्वरूप में विविधता और एकता विरोधी नहीं, बल्कि एक ही दिव्य प्रकटता के पक्ष हैं।

11.6

श्रीभगवानुवाच

पश्यादित्यान्वसून्रुद्रानश्विनौ मरुतस्तथा । बहून्यदृष्टपूर्वाणि पश्याश्चर्याणि भारत ॥११.६॥

Descendant of Bharata, see the Ādityas, Vasus, Rudras, the twin Aśvins and the Maruts, together with wonders never seen before.

Roman reading

pashyaadityaanvasoonrudraanashvinau marutastathaa | bahoonyadrishtapoorvaani pashyaashcharyaani bhaarata ||11.6||paśyādityānvasūnrudrānaśvinau marutastathā | bahūnyadṛṣṭapūrvāṇi paśyāścaryāṇi bhārata ||11.6||

Explanation

The named divine groups belong to the traditional Vedic cosmos. Krishna presents them as included in a reality far larger than any one celestial category.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

इन नामों से वैदिक देवसमूहों का संकेत मिलता है। इस वर्णन का आशय यह है कि विविध दिव्य शक्तियाँ भी कृष्ण के विराट रूप में समाहित दिखाई देती हैं।

11.7

श्रीभगवानुवाच

इहैकस्थं जगत्कृत्स्नं पश्याद्य सचराचरम् । मम देहे गुडाकेश यच्चान्यद्द्रष्टुमिच्छसि ॥११.७॥

Guḍākeśa, see the entire moving and unmoving universe gathered in one place within my body, and whatever else you wish to behold.

Roman reading

ihaikastham jagatkritsnam pashyaadya sacharaacharam | mama dehe gudaakesha yachchaanyaddrashtumichchhasi ||11.7||ihaikasthaṃ jagatkṛtsnaṃ paśyādya sacarācaram | mama dehe guḍākeśa yaccānyaddraṣṭumicchasi ||11.7||

Explanation

The verse imagines the whole of reality held together within the divine. Its aim is visionary insight, not a measurable account of physical space.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अनेक स्थान और काल मानो एक दृश्य में समा जाते हैं। यह काव्यात्मक-आध्यात्मिक अनुभूति है; इसे किसी साधारण भौतिक आकार का विवरण समझना उचित नहीं।

11.8

श्रीभगवानुवाच

न तु मां शक्यसे द्रष्टुमनेनैव स्वचक्षुषा । दिव्यं ददामि ते चक्षुः पश्य मे योगमैश्वरम् ॥११.८॥

You cannot behold me in this way through your ordinary eyes; I grant you divine sight. See my sovereign power of yoga.

Roman reading

na tu maam shakyase drashtumanenaiva svachakshushaa | divyam dadaami te chakshuh pashya me yogamaishvaram ||11.8||na tu māṃ śakyase draṣṭumanenaiva svacakṣuṣā | divyaṃ dadāmi te cakṣuḥ paśya me yogamaiśvaram ||11.8||

Explanation

The special vision is granted, not produced by staring harder. The narrative marks a difference between everyday perception and a spiritually transformative revelation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

दिव्य चक्षु का विचार बताता है कि सामान्य देखने की क्षमता यहाँ पर्याप्त नहीं मानी गई है। इस प्रसंग में ज्ञान और कृपा, दोनों अनुभव के माध्यम बनते हैं।

11.9

सञ्जय उवाच

एवमुक्त्वा ततो राजन्महायोगेश्वरो हरिः । दर्शयामास पार्थाय परमं रूपमैश्वरम् ॥११.९॥

O king, after speaking these words, Hari, the great lord of yoga, showed Pārtha his supreme divine form.

Roman reading

evamuktvaa tato raajanmahaayogeshvaro harih | darshayaamaasa paarthaaya paramam roopamaishvaram ||11.9||evamuktvā tato rājanmahāyogeśvaro hariḥ | darśayāmāsa pārthāya paramaṃ rūpamaiśvaram ||11.9||

Explanation

Sanjaya resumes the narration. His report frames Arjuna's vision for Dhritarashtra and preserves the distinction between narrator and participant.

Sañjaya resumes the narration. His report frames Arjuna's vision for Dhṛtarāṣṭra and preserves the distinction between narrator and participant.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अब वक्ता संजय है। वह धृतराष्ट्र को इस असाधारण प्रसंग का वृत्तांत देता है और पाठक को अर्जुन के निजी अनुभव का साक्षी बनाता है।

11.10

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सञ्जय उवाच

अनेकवक्त्रनयनमनेकाद्भुतदर्शनम् । अनेकदिव्याभरणं दिव्यानेकोद्यतायुधम् ॥११.१०॥

That form had countless faces and eyes, wondrous appearances, divine ornaments, and many uplifted celestial weapons.

Roman reading

anekavaktranayanamanekaadbhutadarshanam | anekadivyaabharanam divyaanekodyataayudham ||11.10||anekavaktranayanamanekādbhutadarśanam | anekadivyābharaṇaṃ divyānekodyatāyudham ||11.10||

Explanation

The vision combines magnificence with latent danger. The catalogue of eyes, adornments and weapons prepares the reader for both wonder and dread.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

वर्णन एक मानवीय प्रतिमा से बहुत आगे बढ़ता है। सौंदर्य के साथ शक्ति और भय की संभावना भी उपस्थित है, जो आगे अर्जुन की प्रतिक्रिया समझने में सहायक है।

11.11

सञ्जय उवाच

दिव्यमाल्याम्बरधरं दिव्यगन्धानुलेपनम् । सर्वाश्चर्यमयं देवमनन्तं विश्वतोमुखम् ॥११.११॥

Clothed in divine garments and garlands, fragrant and wondrous, the infinite form faced in every direction.

Roman reading

divyamaalyaambaradharam divyagandhaanulepanam | sarvaashcharyamayam devamanantam vishvatomukham ||11.11||divyamālyāmbaradharaṃ divyagandhānulepanam | sarvāścaryamayaṃ devamanantaṃ viśvatomukham ||11.11||

Explanation

Sight, fragrance and adornment are woven together. The many-directioned form conveys a presence not restricted to one viewing angle.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह विवरण इंद्रियों की अनेक अनुभूतियों को एक साथ लाता है। रूप का ‘विश्वतोमुख’ होना उसके सर्वदिशात्मक स्वरूप का प्रतीक है।

11.12

सञ्जय उवाच

दिवि सूर्यसहस्रस्य भवेद्युगपदुत्थिता । यदि भाः सदृशी सा स्याद्भासस्तस्य महात्मनः ॥११.१२॥

Were a thousand suns to rise together in the sky, their brilliance might resemble the radiance of that great being.

Roman reading

divi sooryasahasrasya bhavedyugapadutthitaa | yadi bhaah sadrishee saa syaadbhaasastasya mahaatmanah ||11.12||divi sūryasahasrasya bhavedyugapadutthitā | yadi bhāḥ sadṛśī sā syādbhāsastasya mahātmanaḥ ||11.12||

Explanation

The comparison is a poetic measure of overwhelming radiance, not a physical calculation. Even the image of a thousand suns is offered only as an approximation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

हजार सूर्यों का उदाहरण असाधारण तेज की उपमा है, कोई वैज्ञानिक प्रकाश-मापन नहीं। भाषा यहाँ अनुभव की सीमा व्यक्त करने के लिए अतिशयोक्ति का सहारा लेती है।

11.13

सञ्जय उवाच

तत्रैकस्थं जगत्कृत्स्नं प्रविभक्तमनेकधा । अपश्यद्देवदेवस्य शरीरे पाण्डवस्तदा ॥११.१३॥

Then the son of Pāṇḍu saw the whole universe, diverse in its divisions, gathered into one body of the God of gods.

Roman reading

tatraikastham jagatkritsnam pravibhaktamanekadhaa | apashyaddevadevasya shareere paandavastadaa ||11.13||tatraikasthaṃ jagatkṛtsnaṃ pravibhaktamanekadhā | apaśyaddevadevasya śarīre pāṇḍavastadā ||11.13||

Explanation

Difference does not disappear in the vision; it is seen within a greater unity. This is the chapter's central imaginative movement.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

कथा का केंद्रीय विरोधाभास यही है: जगत अलग-अलग दिखता है, फिर भी एक आधार में स्थित है। यह एकता की दृष्टि अर्जुन की पूर्व धारणाओं को बदल देती है।

11.14

सञ्जय उवाच

ततः स विस्मयाविष्टो हृष्टरोमा धनञ्जयः । प्रणम्य शिरसा देवं कृताञ्जलिरभाषत ॥११.१४॥

Overcome with wonder, his hair standing on end, Dhanañjaya bowed his head, joined his hands and began to speak.

Roman reading

tatah sa vismayaavishto hrishtaromaa dhananjayah | pranamya shirasaa devam kritaanjalirabhaashata ||11.14||tataḥ sa vismayāviṣṭo hṛṣṭaromā dhanañjayaḥ | praṇamya śirasā devaṃ kṛtāñjalirabhāṣata ||11.14||

Explanation

The narrator records a bodily response to awe. Arjuna's experience is as much emotional as intellectual, and reverence soon becomes mixed with fear.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह दृश्य केवल बौद्धिक समझ तक सीमित नहीं है। अर्जुन की शारीरिक प्रतिक्रिया गहरी भावनात्मक तीव्रता बताती है; आगे आनंद और भय साथ-साथ उभरेंगे।

11.15

अर्जुन उवाच

पश्यामि देवांस्तव देव देहे सर्वांस्तथा भूतविशेषसङ्घान् । ब्रह्माणमीशं कमलासनस्थमृषींश्च सर्वानुरगांश्च दिव्यान् ॥११.१५॥

O divine one, I see within your body the gods and gatherings of beings, Brahma seated on a lotus, Īśa, the sages and celestial serpents.O divine one, I see within your body the gods and gatherings of beings, Brahmā seated on a lotus, Īśa, the sages and celestial serpents.

Roman reading

pashyaami devaamstava deva dehe sarvaamstathaa bhootavisheshasanghaan | brahmaanameesham kamalaasanasthamrisheemshcha sarvaanuragaamshcha divyaan ||11.15||paśyāmi devāṃstava deva dehe sarvāṃstathā bhūtaviśeṣasaṅghān | brahmāṇamīśaṃ kamalāsanasthamṛṣīṃśca sarvānuragāṃśca divyān ||11.15||

Explanation

Arjuna sees a plurality of figures from the sacred cosmology. The identification of particular divine titles deserves careful textual interpretation instead of casual simplification.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यहाँ विभिन्न परंपरागत दिव्य रूप एक ही विश्वदर्शन में आते हैं। ‘ईश’ की पहचान और वाक्य-विभाजन पर पाठ-आधारित व्याख्या आवश्यक है; सभी नामों को बिना विचार एक समान न बनाया जाए।

11.16

अर्जुन उवाच

अनेकबाहूदरवक्त्रनेत्रं पश्यामि त्वां सर्वतोऽनन्तरूपम् । नान्तं न मध्यं न पुनस्तवादिं पश्यामि विश्वेश्वर विश्वरूप ॥११.१६॥

Lord of the universe, you appear with innumerable arms, bellies, mouths and eyes; I cannot discern your beginning, middle or end.

Roman reading

anekabaahoodaravaktranetram pashyaami tvaam sarvato’nantaroopam | naantam na madhyam na punastavaadim pashyaami vishveshvara vishvaroopa ||11.16||anekabāhūdaravaktranetraṃ paśyāmi tvāṃ sarvato’nantarūpam | nāntaṃ na madhyaṃ na punastavādiṃ paśyāmi viśveśvara viśvarūpa ||11.16||

Explanation

The familiar language of shape breaks down. Arjuna's inability to find boundaries expresses the transcendence of ordinary spatial limits.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

असीम को सीमित आकृति में बाँधना असंभव हो जाता है। अर्जुन की भाषा बार-बार यह संकेत देती है कि देखने वाला जिस वस्तु को देख रहा है, वह सामान्य आकार से परे है।

11.17

अर्जुन उवाच

किरीटिनं गदिनं चक्रिणं च तेजोराशिं सर्वतो दीप्तिमन्तम् । पश्यामि त्वां दुर्निरीक्ष्यं समन्ताद्दीप्तानलार्कद्युतिमप्रमेयम् ॥११.१७॥

I see you crowned, bearing mace and discus, radiant everywhere, blazing like fire and sun, immeasurable and hard to look upon.

Roman reading

kireetinam gadinam chakrinam cha tejoraashim sarvato deeptimantam | pashyaami tvaam durnireekshyam samantaaddeeptaanalaarkadyutimaprameyam ||11.17||kirīṭinaṃ gadinaṃ cakriṇaṃ ca tejorāśiṃ sarvato dīptimantam | paśyāmi tvāṃ durnirīkṣyaṃ samantāddīptānalārkadyutimaprameyam ||11.17||

Explanation

Recognizable emblems appear within an overwhelming manifestation. The familiar and the immeasurable coexist, intensifying Arjuna's bewilderment.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

पहचाने जाने वाले विष्णु-चिह्न उस अनंत दीप्ति के बीच दिखाई देते हैं। इसलिए विश्वरूप सर्वथा अपरिचित भी नहीं है और किसी परिचित रूप तक सीमित भी नहीं।

11.18

अर्जुन उवाच

त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यं त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम् । त्वमव्ययः शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता सनातनस्त्वं पुरुषो मतो मे ॥११.१८॥

You are the supreme imperishable reality to be known, the world's ultimate refuge, the eternal guardian of dharma and the timeless person—so I believe.

Roman reading

tvamaksharam paramam veditavyam tvamasya vishvasya param nidhaanam | tvamavyayah shaashvatadharmagoptaa sanaatanastvam purusho mato me ||11.18||tvamakṣaraṃ paramaṃ veditavyaṃ tvamasya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam | tvamavyayaḥ śāśvatadharmagoptā sanātanastvaṃ puruṣo mato me ||11.18||

Explanation

Arjuna interprets the vision through concepts already developed in the Gītā: imperishability, refuge and the protection of lasting order.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन के शब्द दृश्य से उसके दार्शनिक अर्थ की ओर बढ़ते हैं। ‘अक्षर’ और ‘शाश्वत धर्म’ जैसे पद अनित्यता के बीच स्थायित्व की खोज को व्यक्त करते हैं।

11.19

अर्जुन उवाच

अनादिमध्यान्तमनन्तवीर्यमनन्तबाहुं शशिसूर्यनेत्रम् । पश्यामि त्वां दीप्तहुताशवक्त्रं स्वतेजसा विश्वमिदं तपन्तम् ॥११.१९॥

You have no beginning, middle or end, with boundless power and arms; sun and moon are your eyes, and your fiery mouth illumines the world.

Roman reading

anaadimadhyaantamanantaveeryamanantabaahum shashisooryanetram | pashyaami tvaam deeptahutaashavaktram svatejasaa vishvamidam tapantam ||11.19||anādimadhyāntamanantavīryamanantabāhuṃ śaśisūryanetram | paśyāmi tvāṃ dīptahutāśavaktraṃ svatejasā viśvamidaṃ tapantam ||11.19||

Explanation

The cosmic body is described through celestial lights and fire. Its energy is not only comforting; it foreshadows the frightening side of universal change.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह विराट रूप प्रकाश और शक्ति का सम्मिलित प्रतीक बनता है। दृश्य में पालक और प्रचंड शक्तियों की संभावना भी है, जो आने वाले भयावह प्रसंग का संकेत है।

11.20

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अर्जुन उवाच

द्यावापृथिव्योरिदमन्तरं हि व्याप्तं त्वयैकेन दिशश्च सर्वाः । दृष्ट्वाद्भुतं रूपमुग्रं तवेदं लोकत्रयं प्रव्यथितं महात्मन् ॥११.२०॥

You alone fill the space between heaven and earth and every direction; the three worlds tremble before your wondrous and fearsome form.

Roman reading

dyaavaaprithivyoridamantaram hi vyaaptam tvayaikena dishashcha sarvaah | drishtvaadbhutam roopamugram tavedam lokatrayam pravyathitam mahaatman ||11.20||dyāvāpṛthivyoridamantaraṃ hi vyāptaṃ tvayaikena diśaśca sarvāḥ | dṛṣṭvādbhutaṃ rūpamugraṃ tavedaṃ lokatrayaṃ pravyathitaṃ mahātman ||11.20||

Explanation

The three worlds belong to the text's traditional cosmological imagination. The verse conveys the scale of fear generated by the cosmic manifestation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

‘तीन लोक’ पारंपरिक ब्रह्मांड-कल्पना की भाषा है। यहाँ उसका उद्देश्य इस अनुभव की व्यापकता दिखाना है, न कि आधुनिक भूगोल या खगोल का विवरण देना।

11.21

अर्जुन उवाच

अमी हि त्वां सुरसङ्घा विशन्ति केचिद्भीताः प्राञ्जलयो गृणन्ति । स्वस्तीत्युक्त्वा महर्षिसिद्धसङ्घाः स्तुवन्ति त्वां स्तुतिभिः पुष्कलाभिः ॥११.२१॥

Hosts of gods enter you; some pray with joined hands in fear, while sages and perfected beings proclaim blessing and offer abundant praise.

Roman reading

amee hi tvaam surasanghaa vishanti kechidbheetaah praanjalayo grinanti | svasteetyuktvaa maharshisiddhasanghaah stuvanti tvaam stutibhih pushkalaabhih ||11.21||amī hi tvāṃ surasaṅghā viśanti kecidbhītāḥ prāñjalayo gṛṇanti | svastītyuktvā maharṣisiddhasaṅghāḥ stuvanti tvāṃ stutibhiḥ puṣkalābhiḥ ||11.21||

Explanation

The vision produces multiple responses, not a single emotion. Awe may give rise to dread, worship or reassurance according to the beholder.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

एक ही दिव्य दर्शन पर अलग-अलग प्रतिक्रियाएँ हैं—भय, प्रार्थना और स्तुति। यह बताता है कि विस्मयकारी अनुभव हमेशा केवल सुखद नहीं होता।

11.22

अर्जुन उवाच

रुद्रादित्या वसवो ये च साध्या विश्वेऽश्विनौ मरुतश्चोष्मपाश्च । गन्धर्वयक्षासुरसिद्धसङ्घा वीक्षन्ते त्वां विस्मिताश्चैव सर्वे ॥११.२२॥

Rudras, Ādityas, Vasus, Sādhyas, Viśvedevas, Aśvins, Maruts, ancestors, Gandharvas, Yakṣas, Asuras and Siddhas all gaze at you in wonder.

Roman reading

rudraadityaa vasavo ye cha saadhyaa vishve’shvinau marutashchoshmapaashcha | gandharvayakshaasurasiddhasanghaa veekshante tvaam vismitaashchaiva sarve ||11.22||rudrādityā vasavo ye ca sādhyā viśve’śvinau marutaścoṣmapāśca | gandharvayakṣāsurasiddhasaṅghā vīkṣante tvāṃ vismitāścaiva sarve ||11.22||

Explanation

The traditional catalogue spans many kinds of celestial and ancestral beings. Their shared amazement reinforces the scale of the revelation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह सूची भारतीय पौराणिक विश्व के विविध समुदायों को साथ रखती है। बड़े विश्वरूप के सामने उनके भेद बने रहते हुए भी वे एक साझा विस्मय में सहभागी हैं।

11.23

अर्जुन उवाच

रूपं महत्ते बहुवक्त्रनेत्रं महाबाहो बहुबाहूरुपादम् । बहूदरं बहुदंष्ट्राकरालं दृष्ट्वा लोकाः प्रव्यथितास्तथाहम् ॥११.२३॥

Mighty-armed Lord, your huge form with many faces, eyes, limbs, bellies and terrifying teeth has shaken the worlds—and me as well.

Roman reading

roopam mahatte bahuvaktranetram mahaabaaho bahubaahoorupaadam | bahoodaram bahudamshtraakaraalam drishtvaa lokaah pravyathitaastathaaham ||11.23||rūpaṃ mahatte bahuvaktranetraṃ mahābāho bahubāhūrupādam | bahūdaraṃ bahudaṃṣṭrākarālaṃ dṛṣṭvā lokāḥ pravyathitāstathāham ||11.23||

Explanation

Arjuna ceases to describe only what he sees and acknowledges its effect on him. An overwhelming disclosure need not feel reassuring.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन अब स्वयं के भय को स्पष्ट करता है। अध्याय यहीं दिखाता है कि दिव्य विराटता का दर्शन मानवीय मन की सहन-क्षमता को चुनौती दे सकता है।

11.24

अर्जुन उवाच

नभःस्पृशं दीप्तमनेकवर्णं व्यात्ताननं दीप्तविशालनेत्रम् । दृष्ट्वा हि त्वां प्रव्यथितान्तरात्मा धृतिं न विन्दामि शमं च विष्णो ॥११.२४॥

O Vishnu, seeing your sky-reaching, many-coloured blaze with open mouths and vast shining eyes, I cannot find steadiness or peace.O Viṣṇu, seeing your sky-reaching, many-coloured blaze with open mouths and vast shining eyes, I cannot find steadiness or peace.

Roman reading

nabhahsprisham deeptamanekavarnam vyaattaananam deeptavishaalanetram | drishtvaa hi tvaam pravyathitaantaraatmaa dhritim na vindaami shamam cha vishno ||11.24||nabhaḥspṛśaṃ dīptamanekavarṇaṃ vyāttānanaṃ dīptaviśālanetram | dṛṣṭvā hi tvāṃ pravyathitāntarātmā dhṛtiṃ na vindāmi śamaṃ ca viṣṇo ||11.24||

Explanation

The experience pushes Arjuna beyond emotional composure. The narrative recognizes that even a spiritual revelation can unsettle the person receiving it.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

विस्मय और व्याकुलता साथ चल रहे हैं। अर्जुन की प्रतिक्रिया को कमजोरी न मानकर उसके सीमित मानवीय अनुभव की सच्ची अभिव्यक्ति के रूप में पढ़ना चाहिए।

11.25

अर्जुन उवाच

दंष्ट्राकरालानि च ते मुखानि दृष्ट्वैव कालानलसन्निभानि । दिशो न जाने न लभे च शर्म प्रसीद देवेश जगन्निवास ॥११.२५॥

Your fang-filled mouths resemble the fire of dissolution; I lose my bearings and find no peace. Lord of gods, be gracious to me.

Roman reading

damshtraakaraalaani cha te mukhaani drishtvaiva kaalaanalasannibhaani | disho na jaane na labhe cha sharma praseeda devesha jagannivaasa ||11.25||daṃṣṭrākarālāni ca te mukhāni dṛṣṭvaiva kālānalasannibhāni | diśo na jāne na labhe ca śarma prasīda deveśa jagannivāsa ||11.25||

Explanation

Arjuna's plea turns from observation to a request for mercy. What he now needs is reassurance, not an even larger display.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

दिशाएँ भूल जाना अर्जुन की गहरी व्याकुलता की छवि है। वह इस भय से मुक्ति के लिए करुणा की याचना करता है, न कि और अधिक शक्ति प्रदर्शन की।

11.26

अर्जुन उवाच

अमी च त्वां धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्राः सर्वे सहैवावनिपालसङ्घैः । भीष्मो द्रोणः सूतपुत्रस्तथासौ सहास्मदीयैरपि योधमुख्यैः ॥११.२६॥

The sons of Dhritarashtra and their allied kings, along with Bhishma, Drona, Karṇa and leading warriors from our side, enter your mouths.The sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and their allied kings, along with Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Karṇa and leading warriors from our side, enter your mouths.

Roman reading

amee cha tvaam dhritaraashtrasya putraah sarve sahaivaavanipaalasanghaih | bheeshmo dronah sootaputrastathaasau sahaasmadeeyairapi yodhamukhyaih ||11.26||amī ca tvāṃ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putrāḥ sarve sahaivāvanipālasaṅghaiḥ | bhīṣmo droṇaḥ sūtaputrastathāsau sahāsmadīyairapi yodhamukhyaiḥ ||11.26||

Explanation

The cosmic vision becomes painfully concrete when it includes people Arjuna knows. The sight concerns both armies, not merely an opposing side.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

विश्वरूप अचानक कुरुक्षेत्र की ऐतिहासिक स्थिति से जुड़ जाता है। अर्जुन दोनों पक्षों के परिचित योद्धाओं का अंत देखकर निजी और नैतिक संकट का सामना करता है।

11.27

अर्जुन उवाच

वक्त्राणि ते त्वरमाणा विशन्ति दंष्ट्राकरालानि भयानकानि । केचिद्विलग्ना दशनान्तरेषु सन्दृश्यन्ते चूर्णितैरुत्तमाङ्गैः ॥११.२७॥

They hurry into your frightening, fang-filled mouths; some are caught between the teeth, their heads crushed.

Roman reading

vaktraani te tvaramaanaa vishanti damshtraakaraalaani bhayaanakaani | kechidvilagnaa dashanaantareshu sandrishyante choornitairuttamaangaih ||11.27||vaktrāṇi te tvaramāṇā viśanti daṃṣṭrākarālāni bhayānakāni | kecidvilagnā daśanāntareṣu sandṛśyante cūrṇitairuttamāṅgaiḥ ||11.27||

Explanation

The image is intentionally disturbing. It makes the cost of the coming battle unavoidable rather than presenting violence as entertainment.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह दृश्य युद्ध और विनाश का कठोर वर्णन है। इसे हिंसा का उत्सव नहीं, बल्कि अर्जुन के भय और युद्ध के परिणामों की गंभीरता के संदर्भ में समझना चाहिए।

11.28

अर्जुन उवाच

यथा नदीनां बहवोऽम्बुवेगाः समुद्रमेवाभिमुखा द्रवन्ति । तथा तवामी नरलोकवीरा विशन्ति वक्त्राण्यभिविज्वलन्ति ॥११.२८॥

As many swift rivers run toward the ocean, so the heroes of the human world move into your blazing mouths.

Roman reading

yathaa nadeenaam bahavo’mbuvegaah samudramevaabhimukhaa dravanti | tathaa tavaamee naralokaveeraa vishanti vaktraanyabhivijvalanti ||11.28||yathā nadīnāṃ bahavo’mbuvegāḥ samudramevābhimukhā dravanti | tathā tavāmī naralokavīrā viśanti vaktrāṇyabhivijvalanti ||11.28||

Explanation

The river image creates a sense of unstoppable movement. Warriors who seemed powerful are now seen within a far greater process.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

नदियों का रूपक गति और अनिवार्यता का आभास देता है। यहाँ विश्वरूप के सामने योद्धाओं का सामर्थ्य भी सीमित दिखाई देता है।

11.29

अर्जुन उवाच

यथा प्रदीप्तं ज्वलनं पतङ्गा विशन्ति नाशाय समृद्धवेगाः । तथैव नाशाय विशन्ति लोकास्तवापि वक्त्राणि समृद्धवेगाः ॥११.२९॥

As moths rush into a burning flame to their destruction, so beings speed toward your mouths.

Roman reading

yathaa pradeeptam jvalanam patangaa vishanti naashaaya samriddhavegaah | tathaiva naashaaya vishanti lokaastavaapi vaktraani samriddhavegaah ||11.29||yathā pradīptaṃ jvalanaṃ pataṅgā viśanti nāśāya samṛddhavegāḥ | tathaiva nāśāya viśanti lokāstavāpi vaktrāṇi samṛddhavegāḥ ||11.29||

Explanation

The moth simile intensifies the previous image: movement toward destruction is rapid and seemingly irresistible. The emphasis is existential, not prescriptive.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

नदी के बाद पतंगे का रूपक असावधानी और नाश की निकटता को उभारता है। यह दृष्टांत पाठक को क्षणभंगुर जीवन की कठोर याद दिलाता है।

11.30

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अर्जुन उवाच

लेलिह्यसे ग्रसमानः समन्ताल्लोकान्समग्रान्वदनैर्ज्वलद्भिः । तेजोभिरापूर्य जगत्समग्रं भासस्तवोग्राः प्रतपन्ति विष्णो ॥११.३०॥

O Vishnu, your burning mouths consume the worlds, while your fierce radiance fills and scorches the entire universe.O Viṣṇu, your burning mouths consume the worlds, while your fierce radiance fills and scorches the entire universe.

Roman reading

lelihyase grasamaanah samantaallokaansamagraanvadanairjvaladbhih | tejobhiraapoorya jagatsamagram bhaasastavograah pratapanti vishno ||11.30||lelihyase grasamānaḥ samantāllokānsamagrānvadanairjvaladbhiḥ | tejobhirāpūrya jagatsamagraṃ bhāsastavogrāḥ pratapanti viṣṇo ||11.30||

Explanation

The vision includes destruction rather than depicting divinity as only gentle. It raises the difficult question of how cosmic change relates to suffering.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

विश्व के संहार का यह चित्र भी उसी व्यापक रूप का भाग है। सृजन और विनाश को यहाँ एक दिव्य सत्ता के भीतर देखने का प्रयास किया गया है।

11.31

अर्जुन उवाच

आख्याहि मे को भवानुग्ररूपो नमोऽस्तु ते देववर प्रसीद । विज्ञातुमिच्छामि भवन्तमाद्यं न हि प्रजानामि तव प्रवृत्तिम् ॥११.३१॥

Tell me who you are in this terrifying form. I bow to you; be gracious. I seek to understand your original nature and what you are doing.

Roman reading

aakhyaahi me ko bhavaanugraroopo namo’stu te devavara praseeda | vijnaatumichchhaami bhavantamaadyam na hi prajaanaami tava pravrittim ||11.31||ākhyāhi me ko bhavānugrarūpo namo’stu te devavara prasīda | vijñātumicchāmi bhavantamādyaṃ na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim ||11.31||

Explanation

Arjuna asks for interpretation, not another vision. His question makes room for Krishna's startling disclosure about time and destruction.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन का प्रश्न अध्याय का निर्णायक मोड़ है। वह दर्शन को केवल देखकर संतुष्ट नहीं होता; वह इसके अर्थ और उद्देश्य के बारे में पूछता है।

11.32

श्रीभगवानुवाच

कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः । ऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः ॥११.३२॥

I am Time, the mighty force that destroys worlds, now engaged in bringing them to an end. Even without you, the opposing warriors will not remain.

Roman reading

kaalo’smi lokakshayakritpravriddho lokaansamaahartumiha pravrittah | rite’pi tvaam na bhavishyanti sarve ye’vasthitaah pratyaneekeshu yodhaah ||11.32||kālo’smi lokakṣayakṛtpravṛddho lokānsamāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ | ṛte’pi tvāṃ na bhaviṣyanti sarve ye’vasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ ||11.32||

Explanation

The declaration of Time places human plans within mortality and change. It belongs to Krishna's address to Arjuna in a particular war, not a universal permission to harm others.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

‘कालोऽस्मि’ का कथन नश्वरता और इतिहास की अस्थिरता को तीक्ष्ण रूप में सामने रखता है। यह विशिष्ट महाभारत संवाद का कथन है; इसे आधुनिक हिंसा का स्वतंत्र नैतिक औचित्य नहीं मानना चाहिए।

11.33

श्रीभगवानुवाच

तस्मात्त्वमुत्तिष्ठ यशो लभस्व जित्वा शत्रून्भुङ्क्ष्व राज्यं समृद्धम् । मयैवैते निहताः पूर्वमेव निमित्तमात्रं भव सव्यसाचिन् ॥११.३३॥

Therefore rise, win renown and overcome your foes; they have already fallen within my design. Become an instrument, O skilled archer.

Roman reading

tasmaattvamuttishtha yasho labhasva jitvaa shatroonbhunkshva raajyam samriddham | mayaivaite nihataah poorvameva nimittamaatram bhava savyasaachin ||11.33||tasmāttvamuttiṣṭha yaśo labhasva jitvā śatrūnbhuṅkṣva rājyaṃ samṛddham | mayaivaite nihatāḥ pūrvameva nimittamātraṃ bhava savyasācin ||11.33||

Explanation

The call to be an instrument does not erase Arjuna's agency. It challenges his claim to control outcomes within the specific duty-and-war context of the epic.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

‘निमित्तमात्र’ कर्म और अहंकार के संबंध का कठिन विचार प्रस्तुत करता है। अर्जुन से अपने कर्तव्य में सक्रिय रहने को कहा जाता है, स्वयं को संपूर्ण परिणाम का स्वामी मानने को नहीं।

11.34

श्रीभगवानुवाच

द्रोणं च भीष्मं च जयद्रथं च कर्णं तथान्यानपि योधवीरान् । मया हतांस्त्वं जहि मा व्यथिष्ठा युध्यस्व जेतासि रणे सपत्नान् ॥११.३४॥

Drona, Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karṇa and other warriors have already met their fate in this vision. Do not be paralysed; fight and you will prevail.Droṇa, Bhīṣma, Jayadratha, Karṇa and other warriors have already met their fate in this vision. Do not be paralysed; fight and you will prevail.

Roman reading

dronam cha bheeshmam cha jayadratham cha karnam tathaanyaanapi yodhaveeraan | mayaa hataamstvam jahi maa vyathishthaa yudhyasva jetaasi rane sapatnaan ||11.34||droṇaṃ ca bhīṣmaṃ ca jayadrathaṃ ca karṇaṃ tathānyānapi yodhavīrān | mayā hatāṃstvaṃ jahi mā vyathiṣṭhā yudhyasva jetāsi raṇe sapatnān ||11.34||

Explanation

Krishna names particular warriors, anchoring the statement in the Mahābhārata narrative. Responsible interpretation must not turn this passage into a general rule for violence.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

श्लोक युद्धभूमि के विशिष्ट पात्रों और परिस्थिति से जुड़ा है। किसी अन्य संदर्भ में इसे हिंसक आदेश की तरह दोहराना ग्रंथ की कथा और नैतिक जटिलता को विकृत करेगा।

11.35

सञ्जय उवाच

एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं केशवस्य कृताञ्जलिर्वेपमानः किरीटी । नमस्कृत्वा भूय एवाह कृष्णं सगद्गदं भीतभीतः प्रणम्य ॥११.३५॥

Hearing Keśava's words, Arjuna trembled, bowed with joined hands and spoke again in a faltering voice.

Roman reading

etachchhrutvaa vachanam keshavasya kritaanjalirvepamaanah kireetee | namaskritvaa bhooya evaaha krishnam sagadgadam bheetabheetah pranamya ||11.35||etacchrutvā vacanaṃ keśavasya kṛtāñjalirvepamānaḥ kirīṭī | namaskṛtvā bhūya evāha kṛṣṇaṃ sagadgadaṃ bhītabhītaḥ praṇamya ||11.35||

Explanation

Sanjaya's narration underscores how deeply the encounter has shaken Arjuna. Awe is now expressed through humility and a trembling voice.

Sañjaya's narration underscores how deeply the encounter has shaken Arjuna. Awe is now expressed through humility and a trembling voice.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

संजय अर्जुन के भय और श्रद्धा को फिर सामने लाता है। अब उसके शब्द पहले की जिज्ञासा की तुलना में अधिक नम्र और गहरे अनुभव से भरे होंगे।

11.36

अर्जुन उवाच

स्थाने हृषीकेश तव प्रकीर्त्या जगत्प्रहृष्यत्यनुरज्यते च । रक्षांसि भीतानि दिशो द्रवन्ति सर्वे नमस्यन्ति च सिद्धसङ्घाः ॥११.३६॥

Hṛṣīkeśa, it is fitting that the world rejoices in your praise; hostile beings flee in fear while the perfected bow to you.

Roman reading

sthaane hrisheekesha tava prakeertyaa jagatprahrishyatyanurajyate cha | rakshaamsi bheetaani disho dravanti sarve namasyanti cha siddhasanghaah ||11.36||sthāne hṛṣīkeśa tava prakīrtyā jagatprahṛṣyatyanurajyate ca | rakṣāṃsi bhītāni diśo dravanti sarve namasyanti ca siddhasaṅghāḥ ||11.36||

Explanation

The verse contrasts joyful reverence with terrified flight. Its mythological categories should not be projected uncritically onto living communities.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन विश्वरूप की महिमा को अनेक प्रतिक्रियाओं में पहचानता है। यहाँ ‘राक्षस’ और ‘सिद्ध’ पारंपरिक पौराणिक वर्ग हैं, आधुनिक व्यक्तियों के स्थायी लेबल नहीं।

11.37

अर्जुन उवाच

कस्माच्च ते न नमेरन्महात्मन्गरीयसे ब्रह्मणोऽप्यादिकर्त्रे । अनन्त देवेश जगन्निवास त्वमक्षरं सदसत्तत्परं यत् ॥११.३७॥

Great one, who would not bow to you, the original source greater even than Brahma? You are the imperishable beyond what is and is not.Great one, who would not bow to you, the original source greater even than Brahmā? You are the imperishable beyond what is and is not.

Roman reading

kasmaachcha te na nameranmahaatmangareeyase brahmano’pyaadikartre | ananta devesha jagannivaasa tvamaksharam sadasattatparam yat ||11.37||kasmācca te na nameranmahātmangarīyase brahmaṇo’pyādikartre | ananta deveśa jagannivāsa tvamakṣaraṃ sadasattatparaṃ yat ||11.37||

Explanation

Arjuna speaks of a source beyond conventional distinctions. The phrase concerning being and non-being is philosophically dense and admits interpretive discussion.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन अब कृष्ण को किसी सीमित देवस्थान में नहीं बाँधता। ‘सत्’ और ‘असत्’ से परे कहना दार्शनिक भाष्य का विषय है; इसकी अनेक व्याख्याएँ संभव हैं।

11.38

अर्जुन उवाच

त्वमादिदेवः पुरुषः पुराणस्त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम् । वेत्तासि वेद्यं च परं च धाम त्वया ततं विश्वमनन्तरूप ॥११.३८॥

You are the first divinity, the ancient Person, the universe's supreme refuge, the knower and the known, the highest abode; you pervade all.

Roman reading

tvamaadidevah purushah puraanastvamasya vishvasya param nidhaanam | vettaasi vedyam cha param cha dhaama tvayaa tatam vishvamanantaroopa ||11.38||tvamādidevaḥ puruṣaḥ purāṇastvamasya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam | vettāsi vedyaṃ ca paraṃ ca dhāma tvayā tataṃ viśvamanantarūpa ||11.38||

Explanation

The verse joins knowing and its object in a single divine ground. Devotion here is intertwined with a claim about ultimate knowledge.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

जानने वाला और ज्ञेय दोनों कृष्ण में समाहित कहे जाते हैं। यह भक्ति और ज्ञान को एक-दूसरे से दूर रखने के बजाय उनके गहरे संबंध को दिखाता है।

11.39

अर्जुन उवाच

वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः शशाङ्कः प्रजापतिस्त्वं प्रपितामहश्च । नमो नमस्तेऽस्तु सहस्रकृत्वः पुनश्च भूयोऽपि नमो नमस्ते ॥११.३९॥

You are wind, Yama, fire, Varuṇa, the moon and Prajāpati, the great ancestor. I bow to you thousands of times, again and again.

Roman reading

vaayuryamo’gnirvarunah shashaankah prajaapatistvam prapitaamahashcha | namo namaste’stu sahasrakritvah punashcha bhooyo’pi namo namaste ||11.39||vāyuryamo’gnirvaruṇaḥ śaśāṅkaḥ prajāpatistvaṃ prapitāmahaśca | namo namaste’stu sahasrakṛtvaḥ punaśca bhūyo’pi namo namaste ||11.39||

Explanation

A catalogue of deities becomes an expression of unity. The repeated salutations show how ordinary language struggles to match Arjuna's reverence.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

विविध देवताओं के नाम एक ही विराट स्रोत का संकेत देते हैं। बारंबार प्रणाम अर्जुन की भावावस्था और शब्दों की अपर्याप्तता को प्रकट करता है।

11.40

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अर्जुन उवाच

नमः पुरस्तादथ पृष्ठतस्ते नमोऽस्तु ते सर्वत एव सर्व । अनन्तवीर्यामितविक्रमस्त्वं सर्वं समाप्नोषि ततोऽसि सर्वः ॥११.४०॥

Salutations from before, behind and every side. Your power is endless, your prowess immeasurable; you encompass all and are present throughout.

Roman reading

namah purastaadatha prishthataste namo’stu te sarvata eva sarva | anantaveeryaamitavikramastvam sarvam samaapnoshi tato’si sarvah ||11.40||namaḥ purastādatha pṛṣṭhataste namo’stu te sarvata eva sarva | anantavīryāmitavikramastvaṃ sarvaṃ samāpnoṣi tato’si sarvaḥ ||11.40||

Explanation

Arjuna's worship expands beyond a single orientation. His language mirrors the vision of divine presence in every direction.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

दिशाओं का विभाजन निरर्थक हो जाता है जब उपस्थिति सब ओर हो। यह श्लोक पूजा के लिए किसी एक भौतिक दिशा को अंतिम नहीं मानता।

11.41

अर्जुन उवाच

सखेति मत्वा प्रसभं यदुक्तं हे कृष्ण हे यादव हे सखेति । अजानता महिमानं तवेदं मया प्रमादात्प्रणयेन वापि ॥११.४१॥

Thinking of you simply as my friend, I called out 'Krishna', 'Yādava' and 'companion', not knowing your greatness, sometimes through carelessness or affection.

Roman reading

sakheti matvaa prasabham yaduktam he Krishna he yaadava he sakheti | ajaanataa mahimaanam tavedam mayaa pramaadaatpranayena vaapi ||11.41||sakheti matvā prasabhaṃ yaduktaṃ he kṛṣṇa he yādava he sakheti | ajānatā mahimānaṃ tavedaṃ mayā pramādātpraṇayena vāpi ||11.41||

Explanation

Arjuna reconsiders the informality of friendship after a revelation of grandeur. The passage explores how intimacy and reverence may coexist.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन स्नेह और आदर के बीच नया संतुलन खोज रहा है। पहले का अपनापन यहाँ असत्य नहीं होता, पर अब उसके सामने दिव्य महिमा का नया आयाम है।

11.42

अर्जुन उवाच

यच्चावहासार्थमसत्कृतोऽसि विहारशय्यासनभोजनेषु । एकोऽथवाप्यच्युत तत्समक्षं तत्क्षामये त्वामहमप्रमेयम् ॥११.४२॥

If I treated you casually in jest—while playing, resting, sitting or eating, alone or before others—please forgive me, imperishable Lord.

Roman reading

yachchaavahaasaarthamasatkrito’si vihaarashayyaasanabhojaneshu | eko’thavaapyachyuta tatsamaksham tatkshaamaye tvaamahamaprameyam ||11.42||yaccāvahāsārthamasatkṛto’si vihāraśayyāsanabhojaneṣu | eko’thavāpyacyuta tatsamakṣaṃ tatkṣāmaye tvāmahamaprameyam ||11.42||

Explanation

The recollection of everyday companionship humanizes the prayer. The cosmic revelation does not erase their long personal relationship.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह क्षमा-याचना रोजमर्रा की साझा स्मृतियों से जुड़ी है। अर्जुन के लिए कृष्ण अब केवल विराट सत्ता नहीं, वही निकट मित्र भी हैं जिसके साथ उसने जीवन बिताया।

11.43

अर्जुन उवाच

पितासि लोकस्य चराचरस्य त्वमस्य पूज्यश्च गुरुर्गरीयान् । न त्वत्समोऽस्त्यभ्यधिकः कुतोऽन्यो लोकत्रयेऽप्यप्रतिमप्रभाव ॥११.४३॥

You are the father of the moving and unmoving world, its revered teacher. None equals you in the three worlds; who could surpass you?

Roman reading

pitaasi lokasya charaacharasya tvamasya poojyashcha gururgareeyaan | na tvatsamo’styabhyadhikah kuto’nyo lokatraye’pyapratimaprabhaava ||11.43||pitāsi lokasya carācarasya tvamasya pūjyaśca gururgarīyān | na tvatsamo’styabhyadhikaḥ kuto’nyo lokatraye’pyapratimaprabhāva ||11.43||

Explanation

Images of parenthood and teaching express dependence, care and reverence. Arjuna seeks language large enough for the being he has seen.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

‘पिता’ और ‘गुरु’ आश्रय तथा मार्गदर्शन के संबंध बताते हैं। ऐसे शब्दों का उद्देश्य यहाँ दिव्य महानता का गुणगान है, किसी मानवीय प्रभुत्व को वैध ठहराना नहीं।

11.44

अर्जुन उवाच

तस्मात्प्रणम्य प्रणिधाय कायं प्रसादये त्वामहमीशमीड्यम् । पितेव पुत्रस्य सखेव सख्युः प्रियः प्रियायार्हसि देव सोढुम् ॥११.४४॥

I bow low and seek your grace. As a parent bears with a child, a friend with a friend, and a beloved with the loved one, please bear with me.

Roman reading

tasmaatpranamya pranidhaaya kaayam prasaadaye tvaamahameeshameedyam | piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuh priyah priyaayaarhasi deva sodhum ||11.44||tasmātpraṇamya praṇidhāya kāyaṃ prasādaye tvāmahamīśamīḍyam | piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuḥ priyaḥ priyāyārhasi deva soḍhum ||11.44||

Explanation

After cosmic terror, Arjuna appeals through familiar bonds of forgiveness. The verse brings tenderness back into the encounter.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यहाँ क्षमा की प्रार्थना संबंधों की कोमलता से की गई है। दिव्य महिमा के सामने अर्जुन मानव जीवन के प्रेमपूर्ण अनुभवों की भाषा अपनाता है।

11.45

अर्जुन उवाच

अदृष्टपूर्वं हृषितोऽस्मि दृष्ट्वा भयेन च प्रव्यथितं मनो मे । तदेव मे दर्शय देव रूपं प्रसीद देवेश जगन्निवास ॥११.४५॥

I rejoice at seeing this unprecedented form, yet fear troubles my mind. Lord, please be gracious and show me your former appearance.

Roman reading

adrishtapoorvam hrishito’smi drishtvaa bhayena cha pravyathitam mano me | tadeva me darshaya deva roopam praseeda devesha jagannivaasa ||11.45||adṛṣṭapūrvaṃ hṛṣito’smi dṛṣṭvā bhayena ca pravyathitaṃ mano me | tadeva me darśaya deva rūpaṃ prasīda deveśa jagannivāsa ||11.45||

Explanation

Joy and fear coexist in Arjuna's response. He asks for a form he can approach without being overwhelmed.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन दो विपरीत भाव बिना छिपाए व्यक्त करता है। आध्यात्मिक विस्मय और मानवीय असहजता एक साथ उपस्थित हो सकते हैं; अब उसे सांत्वना चाहिए।

11.46

अर्जुन उवाच

किरीटिनं गदिनं चक्रहस्तमिच्छामि त्वां द्रष्टुमहं तथैव । तेनैव रूपेण चतुर्भुजेन सहस्रबाहो भव विश्वमूर्ते ॥११.४६॥

Thousand-armed cosmic Lord, I wish to see you crowned and bearing mace and discus as before; please appear in your four-armed form.

Roman reading

kireetinam gadinam chakrahastamichchhaami tvaam drashtumaham tathaiva | tenaiva roopena chaturbhujena sahasrabaaho bhava vishvamoorte ||11.46||kirīṭinaṃ gadinaṃ cakrahastamicchāmi tvāṃ draṣṭumahaṃ tathaiva | tenaiva rūpeṇa caturbhujena sahasrabāho bhava viśvamūrte ||11.46||

Explanation

Arjuna asks for a recognizable devotional form. The request contrasts the immeasurable cosmic disclosure with a personal form suited to relationship.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन विराट से परिचित, उपास्य रूप की ओर लौटना चाहता है। इस प्रसंग में सगुण भक्ति की निकटता और विश्वरूप की असीमता का अंतर स्पष्ट होता है।

11.47

श्रीभगवानुवाच

मया प्रसन्नेन तवार्जुनेदं रूपं परं दर्शितमात्मयोगात् । तेजोमयं विश्वमनन्तमाद्यं यन्मे त्वदन्येन न दृष्टपूर्वम् ॥११.४७॥

Arjuna, by my grace and power of yoga I have shown you this radiant, infinite, primordial cosmic form, unseen in this way by another before you.

Roman reading

mayaa prasannena tavaarjunedam roopam param darshitamaatmayogaat | tejomayam vishvamanantamaadyam yanme tvadanyena na drishtapoorvam ||11.47||mayā prasannena tavārjunedaṃ rūpaṃ paraṃ darśitamātmayogāt | tejomayaṃ viśvamanantamādyaṃ yanme tvadanyena na dṛṣṭapūrvam ||11.47||

Explanation

Krishna frames the vision as a gift of grace. Its uniqueness in the narrative should not be made into an unsupported historical claim about every other religious experience.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

कृष्ण यह स्पष्ट करते हैं कि यह दर्शन उनकी प्रसन्नता और सामर्थ्य से संभव हुआ। अनुभव को अर्जुन की व्यक्तिगत उपलब्धि या साधना-कौशल तक सीमित नहीं किया गया है।

11.48

श्रीभगवानुवाच

न वेदयज्ञाध्ययनैर्न दानैर्न च क्रियाभिर्न तपोभिरुग्रैः । एवंरूपः शक्य अहं नृलोके द्रष्टुं त्वदन्येन कुरुप्रवीर ॥११.४८॥

In the human world, study, sacrifice, gifts, rites and severe austerities alone cannot grant another this vision as you have seen it.

Roman reading

na vedayajnaadhyayanairna daanairna cha kriyaabhirna tapobhirugraih | evamroopah shakya aham nriloke drashtum tvadanyena kurupraveera ||11.48||na vedayajñādhyayanairna dānairna ca kriyābhirna tapobhirugraiḥ | evaṃrūpaḥ śakya ahaṃ nṛloke draṣṭuṃ tvadanyena kurupravīra ||11.48||

Explanation

Krishna distinguishes this particular vision from what religious techniques can mechanically produce. The passage leads toward the role of devotion rather than dismissing ethical practice.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

वचन धार्मिक अभ्यासों के महत्त्व को पूरी तरह नकारने के बजाय इस विशेष दर्शन की अप्राप्यता पर बल देता है। अगले श्लोक भक्ति के अलग महत्त्व को स्पष्ट करेंगे।

11.49

श्रीभगवानुवाच

मा ते व्यथा मा च विमूढभावो दृष्ट्वा रूपं घोरमीदृङ्ममेदम् । व्यपेतभीः प्रीतमनाः पुनस्त्वं तदेव मे रूपमिदं प्रपश्य ॥११.४९॥

Do not be troubled or bewildered by this terrifying form. Let fear pass and see my familiar appearance again with a peaceful heart.

Roman reading

maa te vyathaa maa cha vimoodhabhaavo drishtvaa roopam ghorameedrinmamedam | vyapetabheeh preetamanaah punastvam tadeva me roopamidam prapashya ||11.49||mā te vyathā mā ca vimūḍhabhāvo dṛṣṭvā rūpaṃ ghoramīdṛṅmamedam | vyapetabhīḥ prītamanāḥ punastvaṃ tadeva me rūpamidaṃ prapaśya ||11.49||

Explanation

The movement from terror to reassurance matters. Krishna responds to Arjuna's emotional limits rather than prolonging the frightening spectacle.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

इस बार कृष्ण का उद्देश्य चकित करना नहीं, अर्जुन को संभालना है। उग्र दर्शन के बाद आश्वासन करुणा और शिक्षक-शिष्य संबंध की महत्ता सामने लाता है।

11.50

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सञ्जय उवाच

इत्यर्जुनं वासुदेवस्तथोक्त्वा स्वकं रूपं दर्शयामास भूयः । आश्वासयामास च भीतमेनं भूत्वा पुनः सौम्यवपुर्महात्मा ॥११.५०॥

Sanjaya said: After speaking thus, Vāsudeva showed his own form again and, appearing gentle, comforted the frightened Arjuna.Sañjaya said: After speaking thus, Vāsudeva showed his own form again and, appearing gentle, comforted the frightened Arjuna.

Roman reading

ityarjunam vaasudevastathoktvaa svakam roopam darshayaamaasa bhooyah | aashvaasayaamaasa cha bheetamenam bhootvaa punah saumyavapurmahaatmaa ||11.50||ityarjunaṃ vāsudevastathoktvā svakaṃ rūpaṃ darśayāmāsa bhūyaḥ | āśvāsayāmāsa ca bhītamenaṃ bhūtvā punaḥ saumyavapurmahātmā ||11.50||

Explanation

The narrator brings the extraordinary vision back into ordinary relationship. Compassion, not spectacle, resolves this section.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

संजय कथा को मानवीय स्तर पर लौटाता है। विश्वरूप देखने के बाद भी संवाद का अंत सांत्वना और परिचित संबंध में होता है।

11.51

अर्जुन उवाच

दृष्ट्वेदं मानुषं रूपं तव सौम्यं जनार्दन । इदानीमस्मि संवृत्तः सचेताः प्रकृतिं गतः ॥११.५१॥

Janārdana, seeing your gentle human form, I am composed again and restored to my normal state of mind.

Roman reading

drishtvedam maanusham roopam tava saumyam janaardana | idaaneemasmi samvrittah sachetaah prakritim gatah ||11.51||dṛṣṭvedaṃ mānuṣaṃ rūpaṃ tava saumyaṃ janārdana | idānīmasmi saṃvṛttaḥ sacetāḥ prakṛtiṃ gataḥ ||11.51||

Explanation

Arjuna can now absorb what has happened. His return to composure is an important narrative outcome of the revelation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अर्जुन के शब्द मानसिक स्थिरता की वापसी बताते हैं। ज्ञान का उद्देश्य अनुभव के बाद जीवन में संतुलन पाना भी है—यहाँ कथा में वही क्षण आता है।

11.52

श्रीभगवानुवाच

सुदुर्दर्शमिदं रूपं दृष्टवानसि यन्मम । देवा अप्यस्य रूपस्य नित्यं दर्शनकाङ्क्षिणः ॥११.५२॥

The form you have seen is exceedingly difficult to behold; even the gods continually desire to see it.

Roman reading

sudurdarshamidam roopam drishtavaanasi yanmama | devaa apyasya roopasya nityam darshanakaankshinah ||11.52||sudurdarśamidaṃ rūpaṃ dṛṣṭavānasi yanmama | devā apyasya rūpasya nityaṃ darśanakāṅkṣiṇaḥ ||11.52||

Explanation

Krishna affirms the rarity of the vision before shifting the emphasis from spectacular sight to the quality of devotion.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

विश्वरूप की दुर्लभता उसकी महिमा को फिर उजागर करती है। किंतु अध्याय आगे बताता है कि केवल दृश्य अनुभव से अधिक महत्त्वपूर्ण है उसकी ओर जाने वाली भक्ति।

11.53

श्रीभगवानुवाच

नाहं वेदैर्न तपसा न दानेन न चेज्यया । शक्य एवंविधो द्रष्टुं दृष्टवानसि मां यथा ॥११.५३॥

Neither the Vedas, austerity, charity nor sacrifice alone can enable one to see me in the way you have seen.

Roman reading

naaham vedairna tapasaa na daanena na chejyayaa | shakya evamvidho drashtum drishtavaanasi maam yathaa ||11.53||nāhaṃ vedairna tapasā na dānena na cejyayā | śakya evaṃvidho draṣṭuṃ dṛṣṭavānasi māṃ yathā ||11.53||

Explanation

The verse reiterates that ritual performance or intellectual effort cannot compel this revelation. Devotion will be presented as central to genuine knowing.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह कथन 11.48 की शिक्षा को पुनः बल देता है। यहाँ अभ्यास की यांत्रिक पर्याप्तता प्रश्न में है; साधन की प्रामाणिकता परंपरागत व्याख्या में भक्ति के साथ समझी जाती है।

11.54

श्रीभगवानुवाच

भक्त्या त्वनन्यया शक्य अहमेवंविधोऽर्जुन । ज्ञातुं द्रष्टुं च तत्त्वेन प्रवेष्टुं च परन्तप ॥११.५४॥

Arjuna, through undivided devotion alone I can be truly known, beheld and entered into in this form.

Roman reading

bhaktyaa tvananyayaa shakya ahamevamvidho’rjuna | jnaatum drashtum cha tattvena praveshtum cha parantapa ||11.54||bhaktyā tvananyayā śakya ahamevaṃvidho’rjuna | jñātuṃ draṣṭuṃ ca tattvena praveṣṭuṃ ca parantapa ||11.54||

Explanation

Undivided devotion is more than a passing emotion. The verse links knowledge, vision and participation in the divine, leaving room for different traditional interpretations of their relation.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

‘अनन्य भक्ति’ यहाँ मन की एकाग्र निष्ठा है। जानना, देखना और प्रवेश करना तीन जुड़े हुए आध्यात्मिक क्रियापद हैं, जिनके दार्शनिक अर्थ परंपराओं में अलग ढंग से समझे जाते हैं।

11.55

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श्रीभगवानुवाच

मत्कर्मकृन्मत्परमो मद्भक्तः सङ्गवर्जितः । निर्वैरः सर्वभूतेषु यः स मामेति पाण्डव ॥११.५५॥

Pāṇḍava, one who acts for me, takes me as the highest aim, is devoted to me, lives without attachment and bears no hostility toward beings comes to me.

Roman reading

matkarmakrinmatparamo madbhaktah sangavarjitah | nirvairah sarvabhooteshu yah sa maameti paandava ||11.55||matkarmakṛnmatparamo madbhaktaḥ saṅgavarjitaḥ | nirvairaḥ sarvabhūteṣu yaḥ sa māmeti pāṇḍava ||11.55||

Explanation

The closing verse connects devotion with action and freedom from hostility. The culmination is ethical orientation, not a permanent fascination with the terrifying vision.

Other languages and readings

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अध्याय का समापन भयावह विश्वरूप पर नहीं, कर्म, भक्ति, अनासक्ति और निर्वैरता पर होता है। यही संतुलन पाठक को समझाता है कि विराट दर्शन का व्यवहारिक नैतिक निष्कर्ष क्या है।

About this edition · Sources & references

Bhagavad Gita · ASS45 (1901) · Initial editorial V1

This is an educational edition; independent textual and specialist review remains incomplete.

Original text, translations and explanations remain separate readings. Shared passages appear once with their complete references.

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11.23 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.23 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.23 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.23 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.23 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.24 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.24 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.24 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.24 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.24 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.25 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.25 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.25 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.25 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.25 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.26 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.26 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.26 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.26 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.26 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.27 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.27 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.27 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.27 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.27 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.28 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.28 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.28 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.28 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.28 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.29 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.29 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.29 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.29 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.29 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.30 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.30 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.30 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.30 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.30 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.31 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.31 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.31 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.31 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.31 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.32 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.32 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.32 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.32 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.32 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.33 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.33 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.33 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.33 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.33 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.34 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.34 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.34 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.34 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.34 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.35 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.35 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.35 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.35 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.35 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.36 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.36 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.36 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.36 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.36 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.37 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.37 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.37 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.37 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.37 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.38 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.38 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.38 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.38 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.38 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.39 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.39 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.39 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.39 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.39 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.40 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.40 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.40 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.40 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.40 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.41 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.41 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.41 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.41 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.41 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.42 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.42 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.42 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.42 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.42 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.43 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.43 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.43 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.43 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.43 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.44 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.44 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.44 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.44 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.44 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.45 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.45 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.45 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.45 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.45 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.46 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.46 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.46 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.46 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.46 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.47 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.47 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.47 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.47 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.47 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.48 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.48 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.48 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.48 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.48 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.49 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.49 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.49 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.49 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.49 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.50 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.50 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.50 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.50 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.50 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.51 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.51 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.51 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.51 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.51 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.52 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.52 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.52 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.52 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.52 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.53 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.53 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.53 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.53 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.53 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.54 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.54 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.54 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.54 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.54 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.55 — Original / source text
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.55 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.55 — ShivGoraksh English Translation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.55 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization
11.55 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation
ASS45 (1901)
Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

Original / source text

ShivGoraksh English Translation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation