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Easy Roman is a Devanagari-based Sanskrit reading aid. IAST preserves scholarly distinctions. Where no Roman text was supplied, IAST is derived automatically from the Devanagari; this is not a certified pronunciation guide. Vernacular songs retain their supplied word forms and spoken endings. Easy Roman simplifies unambiguous diacritics; their scholarly view retains the supplied Roman form rather than inventing Sanskrit pronunciation. Selected bija spellings are kept where unambiguous.

Chapter 10

The Defeat of ShumbhaThe Defeat of Śumbha

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10.1

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ऋषिरुवाच

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The sage said.

Roman reading

rishiruvaachaṛṣiruvāca

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

This is the traditional cue returning the narrative to Sage Medhas. It identifies the narrator before Shumbha reacts to the loss of his brother, rather than contributing an independent metrical śloka.

This is the traditional cue returning the narrative to Sage Medhas. It identifies the narrator before Śumbha reacts to the loss of his brother, rather than contributing an independent metrical śloka.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह मेधा ऋषि की कथा को फिर आगे बढ़ाने वाला वक्ता-सूत्र है। इससे स्पष्ट होता है कि निशुम्भ के वध के बाद शुम्भ की प्रतिक्रिया का वर्णन अब ऋषि करेंगे; इसे सामान्य छन्दबद्ध श्लोक नहीं समझना चाहिए।

10.2

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

निशुम्भं निहतं दृष्ट्वा भ्रातरं प्राणसम्मितम्। हन्यमानं बलं चैव शुम्भः क्रुद्धोऽब्रवीद्वचः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Seeing Nishumbha, his brother as dear to him as life, slain, and his army being destroyed, Shumbha spoke angrily.Seeing Niśumbha, his brother as dear to him as life, slain, and his army being destroyed, Śumbha spoke angrily.

Roman reading

nishumbham nihatam drishtvaa bhraataram praanasammitam| hanyamaanam balam chaiva shumbhah kruddho’braveedvachahniśumbhaṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā bhrātaraṃ prāṇasammitam| hanyamānaṃ balaṃ caiva śumbhaḥ kruddho’bravīdvacaḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Shumbha's grief and outrage are the immediate causes of this last confrontation. The narrator does not portray the battle as arising without provocation: an intimate loss and military collapse precede Shumbha's accusation.

Śumbha's grief and outrage are the immediate causes of this last confrontation. The narrator does not portray the battle as arising without provocation: an intimate loss and military collapse precede Śumbha's accusation.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

शुम्भ का शोक और क्रोध इस अंतिम युद्ध की पृष्ठभूमि बनते हैं। कथा अचानक युद्ध शुरू नहीं करती; भाई की मृत्यु और सेना के विनाश के बाद वह देवी पर आरोप लगाता है।

10.3

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

बलावलेपदुष्टे त्वं मा दुर्गे गर्वमावह । अन्यासां बलमाश्रित्य युद्ध्यसे चातिमानिनी

ShivGoraksh English Translation

“Do not grow proud, Durgā, corrupted by the conceit of strength! You fight with the support of others' power and imagine yourself supreme.”

Roman reading

balaavalepadushte tvam maa durge garvamaavaha | anyaasaam balamaashritya yuddhyase chaatimaanineebalāvalepaduṣṭe tvaṃ mā durge garvamāvaha | anyāsāṃ balamāśritya yuddhyase cātimāninī

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Shumbha mistakes the Goddess's many manifestations for outside assistance. His taunt sets up the teaching that apparent multiplicity need not imply independent competing powers. This is the antagonist's claim, not the narrator's verdict.

Śumbha mistakes the Goddess's many manifestations for outside assistance. His taunt sets up the teaching that apparent multiplicity need not imply independent competing powers. This is the antagonist's claim, not the narrator's verdict.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

शुम्भ देवी की अनेक शक्तियों को उनसे अलग बाहरी सहायता समझता है। उसका यह ताना अगले उत्तर की भूमिका है, जिसमें अनेक रूपों और एक मूल सत्ता का सम्बन्ध स्पष्ट किया जाता है। यह शुम्भ का आरोप है, ग्रन्थ का अंतिम निष्कर्ष नहीं।

10.4

Original / source text

Goddess / देवी

देव्युवाच

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The Goddess said.

Roman reading

devyuvaachadevyuvāca

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The count marks a change of speaker from Shumbha to the Goddess. The short formula is recited separately in the traditional scheme; the theological reply itself begins in the following unit.

The count marks a change of speaker from Śumbha to the Goddess. The short formula is recited separately in the traditional scheme; the theological reply itself begins in the following unit.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह सूत्र शुम्भ से देवी की ओर वक्ता बदलने का संकेत है। परम्परागत गणना में यह स्वतंत्र इकाई है; वास्तविक दार्शनिक उत्तर अगली इकाई से शुरू होता है।

10.5

Original / source text

Goddess / देवी

एकैवाहं जगत्यत्र द्वितीया का ममापरा । पश्यैता दुष्ट मय्येव विशन्त्यो मद्विभूतयः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

“I alone exist here in the world. Who else is there apart from me? Look, O wicked one: these manifestations of mine are entering back into me.”

Roman reading

ekaivaaham jagatyatra dviteeyaa kaa mamaaparaa | pashyaitaa dushta mayyeva vishantyo madvibhootayahekaivāhaṃ jagatyatra dvitīyā kā mamāparā | paśyaitā duṣṭa mayyeva viśantyo madvibhūtayaḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The line “I alone” is the chapter's doctrinal centre. In the story it explains the unity of the Mother behind her varied forms; a broader Shakta nondual interpretation is possible, but should be identified as interpretation rather than a substitute for the spoken verse.

The line “I alone” is the chapter's doctrinal centre. In the story it explains the unity of the Mother behind her varied forms; a broader Śākta nondual interpretation is possible, but should be identified as interpretation rather than a substitute for the spoken verse.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

“एकैवाहं” इस अध्याय का प्रमुख दार्शनिक कथन है। कथा में यह देवी के अनेक रूपों की मूल एकता बताता है। शाक्त अद्वैत की व्यापक व्याख्या की जा सकती है, किन्तु उसे श्लोक के सीधे अर्थ से अलग पहचानना चाहिए।

10.6

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततः समस्तास्ता देव्यो ब्रह्माणीप्रमुखा लयम्। तस्या देव्यास्तनौ जग्मुरेकैवासीत्तदाम्बिका

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Then all those goddesses, with Brāhmāṇī at their head, returned into the body of the Goddess; Ambikā alone remained.

Roman reading

tatah samastaastaa devyo brahmaaneepramukhaa layam| tasyaa devyaastanau jagmurekaivaaseettadaambikaatataḥ samastāstā devyo brahmāṇīpramukhā layam| tasyā devyāstanau jagmurekaivāsīttadāmbikā

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The narrative makes the previous assertion visible. The Mātṛkās' withdrawal is not a denial of their importance in earlier battles; it is a demonstration that their powers belong to one encompassing divine presence.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

पिछले कथन को अब दृश्य रूप मिलता है। मातृकाओं का लौटना उनके पूर्व युद्ध-कार्य का निषेध नहीं, बल्कि यह दिखाना है कि वे एक व्यापक देवी-सत्ता की अभिव्यक्तियाँ हैं।

10.7

Original / source text

Goddess / देवी

देव्युवाच

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The Goddess said.

Roman reading

devyuvaachadevyuvāca

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

A second speech cue introduces the Goddess's direct challenge after the merging of her manifestations. The distinct formula matters for source counting and for accurately tagging the speaker.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

शक्तियों के लीन हो जाने के बाद देवी का सीधा उत्तर आरम्भ होता है। यह पृथक वक्ता-सूत्र पाठ की परम्परागत गणना तथा संवाद की सही पहचान, दोनों के लिए महत्त्वपूर्ण है।

10.8

Original / source text

Goddess / देवी

अहं विभूत्या बहुभिरिह रूपैर्यदास्थिता । तत्संहृतं मयैकैव तिष्ठाम्याजौ स्थिरो भव

ShivGoraksh English Translation

“I had stood here in many forms through my own power; I have now drawn them back. I stand alone. Remain firm in battle!”

Roman reading

aham vibhootyaa bahubhiriha roopairyadaasthitaa | tatsamhritam mayaikaiva tishthaamyaajau sthiro bhavaahaṃ vibhūtyā bahubhiriha rūpairyadāsthitā | tatsaṃhṛtaṃ mayaikaiva tiṣṭhāmyājau sthiro bhava

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The command to stand firm belongs to the scene of battle. The verse affirms that plurality and unity are compatible aspects of the Goddess's manifestation; it does not turn the narrative into a general instruction to seek violence.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

युद्धभूमि में स्थिर रहने का आदेश इसी पौराणिक प्रसंग का हिस्सा है। श्लोक अनेक रूपों और एक मूल देवी-सत्ता के सम्बन्ध को स्पष्ट करता है; इसे सामान्य जीवन में हिंसा का निर्देश नहीं मानना चाहिए।

10.9

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ऋषिरुवाच

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The sage said.

Roman reading

rishiruvaachaṛṣiruvāca

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The story now shifts from direct dialogue back to Sage Medhas's narration. This fourth speaker formula completes the chapter's traditional count of four such units.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यहाँ देवी-शुम्भ संवाद से कथा फिर मेधा ऋषि के वर्णन में लौटती है। यह अध्याय का चौथा वक्ता-सूत्र है और पारम्परिक चार ‘उवाच’ इकाइयों की गणना को पूरा करता है।

10.10

Back to contents

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं देव्याः शुम्भस्य चोभयोः । पश्यतां सर्वदेवानामसुराणां च दारुणम्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

A terrible battle then began between the Goddess and Shumbha, while all the gods and asuras watched.A terrible battle then began between the Goddess and Śumbha, while all the gods and asuras watched.

Roman reading

tatah pravavrite yuddham devyaah shumbhasya chobhayoh | pashyataam sarvadevaanaamasuraanaam cha daarunamtataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ devyāḥ śumbhasya cobhayoḥ | paśyatāṃ sarvadevānāmasurāṇāṃ ca dāruṇam

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The armies' clash gives way to a direct contest between the two principal figures. The presence of both groups as witnesses underlines the cosmic significance the text assigns to the encounter.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

सेनाओं के व्यापक संघर्ष के बाद अब दो मुख्य पात्र आमने-सामने हैं। देवता और असुर दोनों साक्षी हैं; इससे कथा इस मुकाबले को केवल व्यक्तिगत द्वन्द्व नहीं, व्यापक व्यवस्था से जुड़ी घटना बनाती है।

10.11

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

शरवर्षैः शितैः शस्त्रैस्तथा चास्त्रैः सुदारुणैः । तयोर्युद्धमभूद्भूयः सर्वलोकभयङ्करम्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

They fought with showers of arrows, sharp weapons and dreadful missiles; their combat inspired fear throughout the worlds.

Roman reading

sharavarshaih shitaih shastraistathaa chaastraih sudaarunaih | tayoryuddhamabhoodbhooyah sarvalokabhayankaramśaravarṣaiḥ śitaiḥ śastraistathā cāstraiḥ sudāruṇaiḥ | tayoryuddhamabhūdbhūyaḥ sarvalokabhayaṅkaram

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The repeated catalogue of weapons heightens the intensity before the decisive reversal. “All worlds” is the epic's cosmic idiom; the verse should not be re-presented as a measurable physical event.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

अस्त्र-शस्त्रों का बार-बार उल्लेख निर्णायक मोड़ से पहले युद्ध की तीव्रता बढ़ाता है। “समस्त लोकों का भय” पौराणिक महाकाव्य की व्यापक अभिव्यक्ति है, किसी आधुनिक मापन का दावा नहीं।

10.12

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि शतशो मुमुचे यान्यथाम्बिका । बभञ्ज तानि दैत्येन्द्रस्तत्प्रतीघातकर्तृभिः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Ambikā released hundreds of divine missiles, but the lord of the asuras shattered them with counter-weapons.

Roman reading

divyaanyastraani shatasho mumuche yaanyathaambikaa | babhanja taani daityendrastatprateeghaatakartribhihdivyānyastrāṇi śataśo mumuce yānyathāmbikā | babhañja tāni daityendrastatpratīghātakartṛbhiḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Shumbha is depicted as formidable and technically resourceful, not simply helpless before the Goddess. The countering of divine missiles establishes the strength of the opponent and sustains the encounter's tension.

Śumbha is depicted as formidable and technically resourceful, not simply helpless before the Goddess. The countering of divine missiles establishes the strength of the opponent and sustains the encounter's tension.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

शुम्भ को यहाँ शक्तिशाली और अस्त्रविद्या में समर्थ बताया गया है, न कि आरम्भ से असहाय। दिव्य अस्त्रों का प्रतिकार करके वह संघर्ष की चुनौती को और तीव्र बना देता है।

10.13

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

मुक्तानि तेन चास्त्राणि दिव्यानि परमेश्वरी । बभञ्ज लीलयैवोग्रहुङ्कारोच्चारणादिभिः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The Supreme Goddess easily destroyed the divine weapons he launched, using her fierce sound of “huṃ” and other means.

Roman reading

muktaani tena chaastraani divyaani parameshvaree | babhanja leelayaivograhunkaarochchaaranaadibhihmuktāni tena cāstrāṇi divyāni parameśvarī | babhañja līlayaivograhuṅkāroccāraṇādibhiḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Sound here functions as a mark of divine potency within the Purāṇic narrative. It should not be converted into an unsupported scientific explanation of sound waves or weapon technology.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यहाँ देवी की हुंकार पौराणिक आख्यान में दैवी सामर्थ्य का संकेत है। इसे ध्वनि-तरंगों या आधुनिक अस्त्र-विज्ञान का अप्रमाणित वैज्ञानिक विवरण बनाकर प्रस्तुत नहीं करना चाहिए।

10.14

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततः शरशतैर्देवीमाच्छादयत सोऽसुरः । सापि तत्कुपिता देवी धनुश्चिच्छेद चेषुभिः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The asura covered the Goddess with hundreds of arrows; angered, she cut his bow apart with her own arrows.

Roman reading

tatah sharashatairdeveemaachchhaadayata so’surah | saapi tatkupitaa devee dhanushchichchheda cheshubhihtataḥ śaraśatairdevīmācchādayata so’suraḥ | sāpi tatkupitā devī dhanuściccheda ceṣubhiḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The Goddess counters a rain of missiles by disabling its immediate source. Her response is precise: she attacks Shumbha's bow rather than simply absorbing the assault.

The Goddess counters a rain of missiles by disabling its immediate source. Her response is precise: she attacks Śumbha's bow rather than simply absorbing the assault.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

देवी बाणों की वर्षा का उत्तर उसके मूल साधन, धनुष, को काटकर देती हैं। इससे कथानक में उनके युद्ध-कौशल का सटीक पक्ष सामने आता है।

10.15

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

छिन्ने धनुषि दैत्येन्द्रस्तथा शक्तिमथाददे । चिच्छेद देवी चक्रेण तामप्यस्य करे स्थिताम्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

When his bow was broken, the asura king seized a spear; the Goddess cut it, still held in his hand, with her discus.

Roman reading

chhinne dhanushi daityendrastathaa shaktimathaadade | chichchheda devee chakrena taamapyasya kare sthitaamchinne dhanuṣi daityendrastathā śaktimathādade | ciccheda devī cakreṇa tāmapyasya kare sthitām

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

This sequence moves weapon by weapon and should not be merged into a vague statement that the Goddess “destroyed his arms.” Here shakti is the name of a spear-like weapon, not the abstract spiritual power of the Goddess.

This sequence moves weapon by weapon and should not be merged into a vague statement that the Goddess “destroyed his arms.” Here śakti is the name of a spear-like weapon, not the abstract spiritual power of the Goddess.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह क्रम एक-एक शस्त्र के टूटने का विवरण है, जिसे अस्पष्ट “सभी अस्त्र नष्ट हुए” कहकर नहीं समेटना चाहिए। यहाँ ‘शक्ति’ भाले जैसे अस्त्र का नाम है, देवी की अमूर्त शक्ति नहीं।

10.16

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततः खड्गमुपादाय शतचन्द्रं च भानुमत्। अभ्यधावत तां देवीं दैत्यानामधिपेश्वरः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Then the lord of the asuras took up a sword and a shining shield decorated with a hundred crescent motifs and rushed toward the Goddess.

Roman reading

tatah khadgamupaadaaya shatachandram cha bhaanumat| abhyadhaavata taam deveem daityaanaamadhipeshvarahtataḥ khaḍgamupādāya śatacandraṃ ca bhānumat| abhyadhāvata tāṃ devīṃ daityānāmadhipeśvaraḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The expression for the shield's decoration requires close Sanskrit collation. Its function in the scene is clear: Shumbha turns to close combat after losing his bow and spear. The comparator's broken word spacing must not be accepted as a historical reading.

The expression for the shield's decoration requires close Sanskrit collation. Its function in the scene is clear: Śumbha turns to close combat after losing his bow and spear. The comparator's broken word spacing must not be accepted as a historical reading.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ढाल के अलंकरण से सम्बन्धित संस्कृत पद की सूक्ष्म जाँच आवश्यक है। कथा का क्रम स्पष्ट है: धनुष और भाला खोने के बाद शुम्भ निकट युद्ध के लिए बढ़ता है। तुलनात्मक पाठ का टूटा हुआ शब्द-विभाजन मूल पाठ नहीं माना जाएगा।

10.17

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

तस्यापतत एवाशु खड्गं चिच्छेद चण्डिका । धनुर्मुक्तैः शितैर्बाणैश्चर्म चार्ककरामलम्। अश्वांश्च पातयामास रथं सारथिना सह

ShivGoraksh English Translation

As he rushed forward, Chandika severed his sword and dazzling shield with sharp arrows from her bow; she also struck down his horses, chariot and charioteer.As he rushed forward, Caṇḍikā severed his sword and dazzling shield with sharp arrows from her bow; she also struck down his horses, chariot and charioteer.

Roman reading

tasyaapatata evaashu khadgam chichchheda Chandika | dhanurmuktaih shitairbaanaishcharma chaarkakaraamalam| ashvaamshcha paatayaamaasa ratham saarathinaa sahatasyāpatata evāśu khaḍgaṃ ciccheda caṇḍikā | dhanurmuktaiḥ śitairbāṇaiścarma cārkakarāmalam| aśvāṃśca pātayāmāsa rathaṃ sārathinā saha

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

This is a long traditionally numbered unit with more material than a standard two-line śloka in the comparison transcription. Its exact boundaries must be checked against the 1917 print before any public verse layout or audio synchronization is approved.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

तुलनात्मक लिप्यन्तरण में यह सामान्य दो-पंक्ति श्लोक से अधिक लम्बी पारम्परिक इकाई है। सार्वजनिक पाठ-विन्यास अथवा ऑडियो मिलान से पहले इसके सही पद-विभाग को 1917 की छपाई से मिलाना अनिवार्य है।

10.18

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

हताश्वः स तदा दैत्यश्छिन्नधन्वा विसारथिः । जग्राह मुद्गरं घोरमम्बिकानिधनोद्यतः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

With horses gone, bow broken and charioteer lost, the asura seized a dreadful mace, determined to kill Ambikā.

Roman reading

hataashvah sa tadaa daityashchhinnadhanvaa visaarathih | jagraaha mudgaram ghoramambikaanidhanodyatahhatāśvaḥ sa tadā daityaśchinnadhanvā visārathiḥ | jagrāha mudgaraṃ ghoramambikānidhanodyataḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Shumbha continues despite losing his chariot and earlier weapons. The movement from archery to mace underscores the escalating personal nature of the duel.

Śumbha continues despite losing his chariot and earlier weapons. The movement from archery to mace underscores the escalating personal nature of the duel.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

रथ और पहले के अस्त्र छिन जाने पर भी शुम्भ युद्ध नहीं छोड़ता। धनुष से मुद्गर तक का बदलाव सीधे शारीरिक संघर्ष की तीव्रता को दिखाता है।

10.19

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

चिच्छेदापततस्तस्य मुद्गरं निशितैः शरैः । तथापि सोऽभ्यधावत्तां मुष्टिमुद्यम्य वेगवान्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The Goddess cut the approaching mace with sharp arrows; even then Shumbha ran at her quickly with a raised fist.The Goddess cut the approaching mace with sharp arrows; even then Śumbha ran at her quickly with a raised fist.

Roman reading

chichchhedaapatatastasya mudgaram nishitaih sharaih | tathaapi so’bhyadhaavattaam mushtimudyamya vegavaancicchedāpatatastasya mudgaraṃ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ | tathāpi so’bhyadhāvattāṃ muṣṭimudyamya vegavān

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The pattern of disarmament reaches its limit: deprived of successive weapons, Shumbha attacks barehanded. This sets up the paired blows of the next unit.

The pattern of disarmament reaches its limit: deprived of successive weapons, Śumbha attacks barehanded. This sets up the paired blows of the next unit.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

एक-एक शस्त्र नष्ट होने की श्रृंखला यहाँ चरम पर पहुँचती है। अब शुम्भ निहत्थे हाथ उठाकर आक्रमण करता है, जिससे अगले दृश्य में दोनों के प्रहार आमने-सामने आते हैं।

10.20

Back to contents

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

स मुष्टिं पातयामास हृदये दैत्यपुङ्गवः । देव्यास्तं चापि सा देवी तलेनोरस्यताडयत्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The mighty asura struck the Goddess on the chest with his fist; she struck him on the chest with her palm.

Roman reading

sa mushtim paatayaamaasa hridaye daityapungavah | devyaastam chaapi saa devee talenorasyataadayatsa muṣṭiṃ pātayāmāsa hṛdaye daityapuṅgavaḥ | devyāstaṃ cāpi sā devī talenorasyatāḍayat

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The symmetry of the two blows gives the action unusual dramatic closeness. The text depicts a contest between supernatural characters; it is not practical guidance for fighting.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

दोनों प्रहारों की समानता से संघर्ष निकट और नाटकीय बनता है। यह अलौकिक पात्रों की पौराणिक युद्धकथा है, वास्तविक जीवन के लिए लड़ाई की विधि नहीं।

10.21

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

तलप्रहाराभिहतो निपपात महीतले । स दैत्यराजः सहसा पुनरेव तथोत्थितः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Struck by her palm, the asura king fell to the ground, but immediately rose again.

Roman reading

talaprahaaraabhihato nipapaata maheetale | sa daityaraajah sahasaa punareva tathotthitahtalaprahārābhihato nipapāta mahītale | sa daityarājaḥ sahasā punareva tathotthitaḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The fall is not yet the final defeat. By explicitly reporting his recovery, the narrator prevents a premature conclusion and prepares the startling aerial contest.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह गिरना अंतिम मृत्यु नहीं है। कथाकार उसके फिर उठने को स्पष्ट बताता है, ताकि आगे होने वाले आकाश-युद्ध को ठीक क्रम में समझा जा सके।

10.22

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

उत्पत्य च प्रगृह्योच्चैर्देवीं गगनमास्थितः । तत्रापि सा निराधारा युयुधे तेन चण्डिका

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Leaping up, he seized the Goddess and rose high into the sky; there too Chandika fought him without any support beneath her.Leaping up, he seized the Goddess and rose high into the sky; there too Caṇḍikā fought him without any support beneath her.

Roman reading

utpatya cha pragrihyochchairdeveem gaganamaasthitah | tatraapi saa niraadhaaraa yuyudhe tena Chandikautpatya ca pragṛhyoccairdevīṃ gaganamāsthitaḥ | tatrāpi sā nirādhārā yuyudhe tena caṇḍikā

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

“Without support” describes the marvel of the aerial scene, not an invitation to add modern physics claims. Even removed from earthly footing, the Goddess's power is undiminished.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

“बिना आधार” आकाश में होने वाले अद्भुत दृश्य का वर्णन है; उससे आधुनिक भौतिकी का दावा नहीं निकालना चाहिए। धरती का सहारा न होने पर भी देवी का सामर्थ्य घटता नहीं।

10.23

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

नियुद्धं खे तदा दैत्यश्चण्डिका च परस्परम्। चक्रतुः प्रथमं सिद्धमुनिविस्मयकारकम्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

In the sky the asura and Chandika grappled with one another, astonishing Siddhas and sages who witnessed it.In the sky the asura and Caṇḍikā grappled with one another, astonishing Siddhas and sages who witnessed it.

Roman reading

niyuddham khe tadaa daityashchandikaa cha parasparam| chakratuh prathamam siddhamunivismayakaarakamniyuddhaṃ khe tadā daityaścaṇḍikā ca parasparam| cakratuḥ prathamaṃ siddhamunivismayakārakam

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The account changes from missile exchange to wrestling in the sky. Siddhas and sages serve as the narrative witnesses, confirming that the marvel is experienced within the story's sacred world.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यहाँ अस्त्र-युद्ध आकाश में मल्लयुद्ध में बदल जाता है। सिद्ध और मुनि दृश्य के कथात्मक साक्षी हैं, जिससे प्रसंग की अलौकिकता और बढ़ती है।

10.24

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततो नियुद्धं सुचिरं कृत्वा तेनाम्बिका सह । उत्पाट्य भ्रामयामास चिक्षेप धरणीतले

ShivGoraksh English Translation

After wrestling with him for a long time, Ambikā lifted him, whirled him around and hurled him to the earth.

Roman reading

tato niyuddham suchiram kritvaa tenaambikaa saha | utpaatya bhraamayaamaasa chikshepa dharaneetaletato niyuddhaṃ suciraṃ kṛtvā tenāmbikā saha | utpāṭya bhrāmayāmāsa cikṣepa dharaṇītale

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The Goddess decisively changes the course of the airborne encounter by bringing Shumbha back to the ground. The action precedes, but is not identical to, the final trident strike.

The Goddess decisively changes the course of the airborne encounter by bringing Śumbha back to the ground. The action precedes, but is not identical to, the final trident strike.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

देवी आकाशीय संघर्ष की दिशा बदलकर शुम्भ को फिर धरती पर लाती हैं। यह निर्णायक मोड़ है, किन्तु अंतिम त्रिशूल-प्रहार से अलग घटना है।

10.25

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

स क्षिप्तो धरणीं प्राप्य मुष्टिमुद्यम्य वेगवान्। अभ्यधावत दुष्टात्मा चण्डिकानिधनेच्छया

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Thrown down onto the earth, the furious Shumbha raised his fist and rushed toward Chandika, eager to kill her.Thrown down onto the earth, the furious Śumbha raised his fist and rushed toward Caṇḍikā, eager to kill her.

Roman reading

sa kshipto dharaneem praapya mushtimudyamya vegavaan| abhyadhaavata dushtaatmaa chandikaanidhanechchhayaasa kṣipto dharaṇīṃ prāpya muṣṭimudyamya vegavān| abhyadhāvata duṣṭātmā caṇḍikānidhanecchayā

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

A further attempted attack follows his fall. The sequence preserves Shumbha's agency and repeated refusal to yield until the moment of death in the next verse.

A further attempted attack follows his fall. The sequence preserves Śumbha's agency and repeated refusal to yield until the moment of death in the next verse.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

गिराए जाने के बाद भी शुम्भ फिर आक्रमण करता है। इस क्रम से स्पष्ट है कि अंतिम मृत्यु से पहले वह लगातार संघर्ष करता रहा।

10.26

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

तमायान्तं ततो देवी सर्वदैत्यजनेश्वरम्। जगत्यां पातयामास भित्त्वा शूलेन वक्षसि

ShivGoraksh English Translation

As the lord of all the asuras approached, the Goddess pierced his chest with her trident and cast him to the ground.

Roman reading

tamaayaantam tato devee sarvadaityajaneshvaram| jagatyaam paatayaamaasa bhittvaa shoolena vakshasitamāyāntaṃ tato devī sarvadaityajaneśvaram| jagatyāṃ pātayāmāsa bhittvā śūlena vakṣasi

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

This is the actual decisive blow of Chapter 10. It should be distinguished from his earlier fall, the blow to his chest with a palm, and the aerial wrestling scene.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यही अध्याय का निर्णायक वध-प्रहार है। इसे उसके पहले गिरने, हथेली के प्रहार और आकाश में हुए मल्लयुद्ध से अलग स्पष्ट रखना चाहिए।

10.27

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

स गतासुः पपातोर्व्यां देवी शूलाग्रविक्षतः । चालयन्सकलां पृथ्वीं साब्धिद्वीपां सपर्वताम्

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Pierced by the tip of the Goddess's trident and lifeless, he fell upon the earth, shaking it with its seas, islands and mountains.

Roman reading

sa gataasuh papaatorvyaam devee shoolaagravikshatah | chaalayansakalaam prithveem saabdhidveepaam saparvataamsa gatāsuḥ papātorvyāṃ devī śūlāgravikṣataḥ | cālayansakalāṃ pṛthvīṃ sābdhidvīpāṃ saparvatām

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The cosmic tremor amplifies the enormity of Shumbha's fall in Purāṇic imagery. The shaking of earth is the narrator's sacred-cosmic language rather than independently verified geophysical history.

The cosmic tremor amplifies the enormity of Śumbha's fall in Purāṇic imagery. The shaking of earth is the narrator's sacred-cosmic language rather than independently verified geophysical history.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

पृथ्वी का काँपना शुम्भ के पतन की विराटता दिखाने वाली पौराणिक अभिव्यक्ति है। इसे किसी ऐतिहासिक भूकम्प का प्रमाण बताना उचित नहीं होगा।

10.28

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततः प्रसन्नमखिलं हते तस्मिन्दुरात्मनि । जगत्स्वास्थ्यमतीवाप निर्मलं चाभवन्नभः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

When that wicked adversary was slain, everything became clear and tranquil; the world regained well-being and the sky grew spotless.

Roman reading

tatah prasannamakhilam hate tasminduraatmani | jagatsvaasthyamateevaapa nirmalam chaabhavannabhahtataḥ prasannamakhilaṃ hate tasmindurātmani | jagatsvāsthyamatīvāpa nirmalaṃ cābhavannabhaḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The tone changes from combat to restoration. The poem makes order and clarity visible through the world and the sky, linking the Goddess's victory to cosmic welfare.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

युद्ध से कथा अब व्यवस्था की पुनर्स्थापना की ओर मुड़ती है। जगत् और आकाश का निर्मल होना देवी की विजय के बाद कल्याण और स्थिरता का चित्र है।

10.29

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

उत्पातमेघाः सोल्का ये प्रागासंस्ते शमं ययुः । सरितो मार्गवाहिन्यस्तथासंस्तत्र पातिते

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The ominous clouds that had carried meteors disappeared; rivers again flowed along their accustomed courses after his fall.

Roman reading

utpaatameghaah solkaa ye praagaasamste shamam yayuh | sarito maargavaahinyastathaasamstatra paatiteutpātameghāḥ solkā ye prāgāsaṃste śamaṃ yayuḥ | sarito mārgavāhinyastathāsaṃstatra pātite

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Disordered natural signs return to order. The narrative meaning is the ending of disturbance; readers should not be told that the passage is a modern meteorological observation.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

प्रकृति के असामान्य संकेत फिर सामान्य हो जाते हैं। इसका कथा-सार्थक आशय उपद्रव का समाप्त होना है; इसे आधुनिक मौसम-विज्ञान की प्रत्यक्ष रिपोर्ट के रूप में प्रस्तुत नहीं करना चाहिए।

10.30

Back to contents

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

ततो देवगणाः सर्वे हर्षनिर्भरमानसाः । बभूवुर्निहते तस्मिन्गन्धर्वा ललितं जगुः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

After his death all the hosts of gods were filled with joy, and the Gandharvas sang sweetly.

Roman reading

tato devaganaah sarve harshanirbharamaanasaah | babhoovurnihate tasmingandharvaa lalitam jaguhtato devagaṇāḥ sarve harṣanirbharamānasāḥ | babhūvurnihate tasmingandharvā lalitaṃ jaguḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

The restoration of peace becomes a collective celebration. The Gandharvas' singing belongs to the traditional imagery of celestial rejoicing following a divine victory.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

शान्ति की वापसी सामूहिक उत्सव बन जाती है। गन्धर्वों का गान दैवी विजय के बाद स्वर्गीय उल्लास की परम्परागत पौराणिक छवि है।

10.31

Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

अवादयंस्तथैवान्ये ननृतुश्चाप्सरोगणाः । ववुः पुण्यास्तथा वाताः सुप्रभोऽभूद्दिवाकरः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

Others played their instruments, groups of Apsarases danced, auspicious breezes blew and the sun shone brightly.

Roman reading

avaadayamstathaivaanye nanritushchaapsaroganaah | vavuh punyaastathaa vaataah suprabho’bhooddivaakarahavādayaṃstathaivānye nanṛtuścāpsarogaṇāḥ | vavuḥ puṇyāstathā vātāḥ suprabho’bhūddivākaraḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

Music, dance, wind and sunlight are gathered into one conclusion of harmony. This verse continues the celebratory scene rather than starting a separate worship instruction.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

संगीत, नृत्य, वायु और सूर्य का प्रकाश मिलकर सन्तुलन लौट आने का उत्सवी चित्र बनाते हैं। यह प्रसंग कथा के समापन का वर्णन है, कोई अलग पूजा-विधि नहीं।

10.32

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Original / source text

Sage Medhas narrating / मेधा ऋषि का वर्णन

जज्वलुश्चाग्नयः शान्ताः शान्ता दिग्जनितस्वनाः

ShivGoraksh English Translation

The sacred fires burned peacefully, and the ominous sounds arising in the quarters fell silent.

Roman reading

jajvalushchaagnayah shaantaah shaantaa digjanitasvanaahjajvaluścāgnayaḥ śāntāḥ śāntā digjanitasvanāḥ

Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

This closing half-verse completes the movement from terror to calm. Its partial metrical length is essential to the traditional 32-unit count; it must not be silently joined to 10.31 or expanded into an invented full verse.

Other languages and readings
ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

यह अंतिम अर्धश्लोक भय से शान्ति की ओर आए परिवर्तन को पूरा करता है। पारम्परिक 32 इकाइयों की गणना के लिए इसका अर्धश्लोक होना महत्त्वपूर्ण है; इसे चुपचाप 10.31 में जोड़ना या नया आधा पद गढ़ना उचित नहीं।

About this edition · Sources & references

Devi Mahatmyam (Durga Saptashati) · Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional) · Initial editorial V1

This is an educational edition; independent textual and specialist review remains incomplete.

Original text, translations and explanations remain separate readings. Shared passages appear once with their complete references.

  1. 10.1 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  2. 10.1 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  3. 10.1 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  4. 10.1 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  5. 10.1 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  6. 10.2 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  7. 10.2 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  8. 10.2 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  9. 10.2 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  10. 10.2 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  11. 10.3 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  12. 10.3 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  13. 10.3 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  14. 10.3 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  15. 10.3 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  16. 10.4 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  17. 10.4 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  18. 10.4 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  19. 10.4 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  20. 10.4 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  21. 10.5 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  22. 10.5 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  23. 10.5 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  24. 10.5 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  25. 10.5 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  26. 10.6 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  27. 10.6 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  28. 10.6 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  29. 10.6 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  30. 10.6 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  31. 10.7 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  32. 10.7 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  33. 10.7 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  34. 10.7 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  35. 10.7 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  36. 10.8 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  37. 10.8 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  38. 10.8 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  39. 10.8 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  40. 10.8 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  41. 10.9 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  42. 10.9 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  43. 10.9 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  44. 10.9 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  45. 10.9 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  46. 10.10 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  47. 10.10 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  48. 10.10 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  49. 10.10 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  50. 10.10 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  51. 10.11 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  52. 10.11 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  53. 10.11 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  54. 10.11 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  55. 10.11 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  56. 10.12 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  57. 10.12 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  58. 10.12 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  59. 10.12 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  60. 10.12 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  61. 10.13 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  62. 10.13 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  63. 10.13 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  64. 10.13 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  65. 10.13 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  66. 10.14 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  67. 10.14 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  68. 10.14 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  69. 10.14 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  70. 10.14 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  71. 10.15 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  72. 10.15 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  73. 10.15 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  74. 10.15 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  75. 10.15 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  76. 10.16 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  77. 10.16 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  78. 10.16 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  79. 10.16 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  80. 10.16 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  81. 10.17 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  82. 10.17 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  83. 10.17 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  84. 10.17 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  85. 10.17 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  86. 10.18 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  87. 10.18 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  88. 10.18 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  89. 10.18 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  90. 10.18 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  91. 10.19 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  92. 10.19 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  93. 10.19 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  94. 10.19 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  95. 10.19 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  96. 10.20 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  97. 10.20 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  98. 10.20 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  99. 10.20 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  100. 10.20 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  101. 10.21 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  102. 10.21 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  103. 10.21 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  104. 10.21 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  105. 10.21 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  106. 10.22 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  107. 10.22 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  108. 10.22 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  109. 10.22 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  110. 10.22 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  111. 10.23 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  112. 10.23 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  113. 10.23 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  114. 10.23 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  115. 10.23 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  116. 10.24 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  117. 10.24 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  118. 10.24 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  119. 10.24 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  120. 10.24 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  121. 10.25 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  122. 10.25 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  123. 10.25 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  124. 10.25 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  125. 10.25 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  126. 10.26 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  127. 10.26 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  128. 10.26 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  129. 10.26 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  130. 10.26 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  131. 10.27 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  132. 10.27 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  133. 10.27 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  134. 10.27 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  135. 10.27 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  136. 10.28 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  137. 10.28 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  138. 10.28 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  139. 10.28 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  140. 10.28 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  141. 10.29 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  142. 10.29 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  143. 10.29 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  144. 10.29 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  145. 10.29 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  146. 10.30 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  147. 10.30 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  148. 10.30 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  149. 10.30 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  150. 10.30 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  151. 10.31 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  152. 10.31 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  153. 10.31 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  154. 10.31 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  155. 10.31 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  156. 10.32 — Original / source text

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  157. 10.32 — ShivGoraksh Hindi Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  158. 10.32 — ShivGoraksh English Translation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  159. 10.32 — ShivGoraksh Simple Hindi Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization

  160. 10.32 — ShivGoraksh Simple English Explanation

    Paṇśīkar / Nirṇaya Sāgara (1917 attributed; provisional)

    Supplied chapter/verse numbering; no harmonization